Influence of coxsackievirus B infections on fetal growth in mice

Lansdown, A. B. G.

doi:10.1002/tera.1420130308

Cited by 5 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…The other groups of dams as seen in Table 2 and offsprings (Tables 3-5) showed pancreatitis in the acinar tissue, but the islet infiltration was absent. Different groups [26][27][28][29][30][31][32][33][34][35][36][37][38][39][40] have reported adverse outcomes on the course of gravidity after infection in the first or second weeks of gestation and even third week [26]. Some authors [28,29,35] attributed the adverse effects to the susceptibility of the fetus to the virus resulting in infection.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pancreas of coxsackievirus-infected dams and their challenged pups: A complex issue

et al. 2019

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Enteroviral infections are frequent, often asymptomatic in humans and during gravidity. The present study is an extension of our previous investigations where we had shown pancreatitis in challenged pups of CVB4-E2-infected dams. Present investigation describes the effect of gestational infection with this virus on the pancreas of both dams and their challenged pups. Gravid CD1 outbred mice were orally infected with CVB4-E2 virus at different gestation times. Pups were challenged orally with the same virus after 25 days of birth. Organs were collected at selected intervals postinfection (p.i.), and replicating virus and viral-RNA copies were analyzed. Additional readouts included histopathology and immunohistochemical (IHC) analysis for localization and identification of Ly6G+ cells (neutrophils), CD11b+ cells (macrophages), and viral protein in pancreatic tissue sections of the infected dams and their challenged pups. Our results show the presence of replicating virus in the pancreas of infected dams and their challenged pups, with inflammation leading to chronic necrotizing pancreatitis and atrophy of pancreatic acini of the dams and their offspring. IHC analysis of the infiltrating cells showed pronounced Ly6G+ neutrophils in dams only, whereas CD11b+ macrophages were present in tissues of both, the pups and the dams. Time of infection during gravidity as well as the p.i. intervals when mice were sacrificed influenced the pancreatic pathophysiology in both groups. We conclude that coxsackievirus infection during pregnancy is a risk factor for chronic affliction of the exocrine tissue and could affect endocrine pancreas in the mother and child.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pancreas of coxsackievirus-infected dams and their challenged pups: A complex issue

et al. 2019

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“…Experimental: Groups of 20 pregnant mice of each strain were injected intraperitoneally or intramuscularly with 0.1 ml of virus suspension diluted to 10-0'5 (intramuscular route only), 10-1.0, or 10-1'5 on the 8th day of pregnancy as in previous work (Lansdown and Coid, 1974;Lansdown, 1976). Equivalent numbers of control mice of each strain were injected intramuscularly or intraperitoneally with 0.1 ml of virus suspension that had been inactivated by heating at 56°C for 30 min.…”

Section: Animalsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In the present study, it was intended to examine the pathological changes in pregnant mice with a view to understanding the mechanism by which cytomegalovirus infection adversely influences foetal growth and survival. Previous studies in mice have shown that Coxsackie virus B infections lead to foetal wastage and growth retardation which is related to a virus-induced maternal pancreatic insufficiency and associated ill heath (Lansdown and Coid, 1974;Lansdown, 1976).…”

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confidence: 99%

Pathological observations on experimental cytomegalovirus infections in pregnancy

Lansdown

Brown

1978

The Journal of Pathology

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Cytomegalovirus injected intramuscularly or intraperitoneally into mice on the 8th day of pregnancy resulted in a significant retardation in foetal growth and a reduced number of offspring surviving until near-term. Pathological changes consisted of inflammatory cell infiltration in the liver, heart, salivary glands and adrenal cortex of affected animals. Necrotic changes were also present in the adrenal cortex in most severely affected animals following intraperitoneal injection of virus. Intraperitoneal infection led to a frank peritonitis and marked splenic necrosis with a degeneration and inflammation of visceral fatty tissue and lymphadenitis. In contrast, intramuscular injection of virus did not produce a peritonitis but the spleen was greatly enlarged with reaction centres and increased numbers of lymphocytes being identified at histology. As a consequence of cytomegalovirus infection in pregnant mice foetal growth impairment and intrauterine death was seen. This was related to the severity of pathological changes in the mothers. In those animals dying or appearing sick at near-term, most foetuses were dead and resorbing. Since murine cytomegalovirus was not identified by inclusion body formation in foetal or placental tissues in this study and virus has not been isolated from these tissues previously, it was concluded that the mechanism for the impaired foetal growth was of an indirect nature and attributable primarily to a severe generalised maternal illness.

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“…Several experimental infection studies [7,9,10] show effects of coxsackievirus infections on the course of gravidity, stillbirths, premature birth and higher death rate in female mice infected in later stages of the gravidity.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Coxsackievirus infections in pregnant women with a parallel experimental model infection showing possible effects on coarse of pregnancy

et al. 2011

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Aim of our work was firstly to determine the prevalence of anti-coxsackievirus antibodies during pregnancy. 217 serum samples were tested for antibodies by virus neutralization test against coxsackieviruses (CV) B1–B6, A7 and A9. The second aim was to investigate experimental transmission of virus to the fetus during pregnancy. Methods. Virus Neutralization Test, RT-PCR. Results. In the serological study, paired blood serum samples from 217 pregnant women were studied for antibodies against coxsackievirus serotypes (CVB1–CVB6, CVA7 and CVA9) in sera of pregnant women from selected areas of the Slovak Republic. Coxsackievirus B4 (CVB4) infection was most prevalent, followed by CVB3, CVA7, CVA9, CVB5, CVB2, CVB1 while coxsackievirus B6 (CVB6) was scarce. In 30 out of 217 cases (13.82 %) current infection was recorded. In the experimental murine study, in the second week of gravidity we observed presence of enteroviral RNA in the placenta and the intestine of the dead fetuses of the mice. Conclusions. Anti-CV antibodies were prevalent in the pregnant mothers indicating circulation of these viruses in the population. Current infection was shown in 13.82 % of studied cases. Presence of virus RNA in the organs of the unborn fetuses in the experimental infection indicates the possibility of transfer of the coxsackievirus B4-E2 infection from mother to child during antenatal developmen

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Influence of coxsackievirus B infections on fetal growth in mice

Cited by 5 publications

References 17 publications

Pancreas of coxsackievirus-infected dams and their challenged pups: A complex issue

Pancreas of coxsackievirus-infected dams and their challenged pups: A complex issue

Pathological observations on experimental cytomegalovirus infections in pregnancy

Coxsackievirus infections in pregnant women with a parallel experimental model infection showing possible effects on coarse of pregnancy

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