Influence of corn hybrid, kernel traits, location, and dry rolling or steam flaking on ruminal digestibility in beef cattle

Harrelson, Flint W; Erickson, Galen; Klopfenstein, Terry J.; Jackson, David S.; Clark, P. M.; Fithian, Wayne A.

doi:10.15232/aas.2018-01778

Cited by 5 publications

(8 citation statements)

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“…The average test weight was 74.67±2.08 kg/hL and varied considerably between 70.19 and 82.05 kg/hL (Table 2). These values were similar to values of 72 US maize hybrids (in average 76±2 kg/hL) from multiple locations (Harlesson et al, 2019) and 32 hybrids (76.7±2.44 kg/hL) from one breeding company across five years (Grbeša, 2016). Test weights of majority hybrids tested in the present study were well above the minimum for US Grade No 1 (72.08 kg/hL; Paulsen et al, 2003).…”

Section: And 4)supporting

confidence: 77%

“…The correlation coefficients are somewhat higher for test weight than for density most likely reflecting the packing effect of test weight also in hardness. Similar correlations for test weight were reported for 30 maize samples in the study by Blandino et al (2010) and 72 commercial hybrids in the study by Harlesson et al (2019), while Li et al (1996) found that test weight is higher in hybrids with a higher ratio of hard to soft endosperm in the kernel (r=0.81).…”

Section: Correlations Among Physical Traits Of Tested Hybridssupporting

confidence: 76%

“…All three Stenvert parameters gave a similar distribution of hardness among tested hybrids, which is in accordance with the correlations between them: the coarse-to-fine particles ratio and the grinding time -r=0.78 (P<0.001), coarse-to-fine particles ratio and column height -r=-0.78 (P<0.001), and grinding time and column height -r=-0.77 (P<0.001). Jaeger et al (2006) and Harlesson at al. (2019) have shown that fattening cattle have better feed-to-gain ratios when fed hybrids with softer grains -those with a higher column height of freshly ground sample and a lower coarse-to-fine particles ratio.…”

Section: And 4)mentioning

confidence: 95%

“…From a nutritional point of view, it is very interesting to use physical properties of maize kernels as a rough and quick predictor of feeding value due to their relationship with chemical composition, extent and rate of digestibility (Philippeau et al,1999;Grbeša, 2016) and animal production performance, specifically, feed efficiency in broilers (Colins et al, 2001), egg and pig production (Moore et al, 2008a(Moore et al, , 2008b and beef fattening (Jaeger et al, 2006;Harlesson et al, 2019). Even selection to maize yield worldwide is associated with a change in the physical properties of kernels (Vyn and Tollenaar, 1998;Abdala et al, 2018).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Furthermore, hybrids differ in 1,000 kernel weight which Original scientific paper DOI: /10.5513/JCEA01/21.3.2865 Kljak et al: Physical properties of kernels from modern maize hybrids used in Croatia... positively correlates with hardness, feed conversion and dry matter digestibility (Jaeger et al, 2006;Harlesson et al, 2019). Since it is based on grain weight, the same relationship can be attributed to the density, and the grains of lower density are considered softer (Fox and Manley, 2009).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Physical properties of kernels from modern maize hybrids used in Croatia

Kljak¹,

Novaković²,

Zurak³

et al. 2020

JCEA

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The physical properties of maize are a result of kernel structure, they indicate chemical properties of the kernel, and hence, its nutritive value. This research aimed to explore the physical traits of kernels of 80 commercial maize hybrids from nine seed companies. The grain from investigated hybrids was produced during the same season on the same field under the same agricultural conditions. Moisture content, bulk and real density, Stenvert hardness (time to grind 17mL of grits, height of freshly ground grain, and coarse-to-fine particles ratio, C/F), flotation index, breakage susceptibility, kernel dimensions, and sphericity were determined in maize samples. Test weight was in a range from 70.2 to 82.1 kg/hL. Density ranged from 1.159 to 1.301 kg/L and similarly as test weight increased with increasing hardness (C/F; r=0.52 and 0.68, respectively; P<0.001); a trait that is related to breakage and insect resistance, and to decreased starch digestibility. Flotation index was from 8 to 100%, and its value decreased with increasing hardness (r=-0.65; P<0.001). A wide range of values in physical traits of investigated hybrids implies different behavior of grain during postharvest handling and processing and thus variable nutritive value.

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Section: And 4)supporting

confidence: 77%

Section: Correlations Among Physical Traits Of Tested Hybridssupporting

confidence: 76%

Section: And 4)mentioning

confidence: 95%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 3 more Smart Citations

Physical properties of kernels from modern maize hybrids used in Croatia

Kljak¹,

Novaković²,

Zurak³

et al. 2020

JCEA

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Kernel properties related to carotenoid release during in vitro gastrointestinal digestion in commercial dent maize hybrids

Zurak,

Gunjević,

Grbeša

et al. 2024

Food Chemistry

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Increasing dietary proportion of wheat grain in finishing diets containing distillers’ grains: impact on nitrogen utilization, ruminal pH, and digestive function

Ream

Chibisa

2021

Journal of Animal Science

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Because of its high crude protein (CP) content, dietary inclusion of corn dried distillers' grains with solubles (DDGS) in finishing cattle diets can increase the ruminal loss of ammonia-nitrogen (NH3-N), which ends up excreted as urine urea-N (UUN). Increasing dietary fermentable energy supply can enhance ruminal use of N; however, it could also lead to acidotic conditions that compromise digestive function and animal performance. We evaluated the effects of partially replacing dietary corn grain with 20 or 40% (dry matter [DM] basis) wheat grain in finishing diets containing 15% corn DDGS on N utilization, ruminal pH and digestive function. Nutrient intake and digestion, ruminal fermentation characteristics, microbial protein synthesis, route of N excretion, and blood metabolites were measured. Six ruminally-fistulated crossbred beef heifers (initial BW ± SD; 797 ± 58.8 kg) were used in a replicated 3 × 3 Latin square design with 28-d periods. Dietary treatments were either corn (73% of diet DM; CON), 53:20 corn:wheat blend (20W) or 33:40 corn:wheat blend (40W) as the major fermentable energy source. Dry matter intake tended to be lower for heifers fed the 40W than CON and 20W diets. Feeding diets containing wheat grain led to an increase (P = 0.04) in NDF intake. However, there was no diet effect (P ≥ 0.60) on apparent total tract DM and NDF digestibility. Feeding wheat grain led to a decrease (P ≤ 0.03) in mean and minimum pH, an increase (P = 0.04) in pH < 5.8 duration, and a tendency for an increase in the area and acidosis index for pH < 5.8 and 5.5. Nitrogen intake, which was lower (P = 0.04) for 40W than 20W heifers did not differ between CON and 20W heifers. There was no diet effect (P = 0.80) on ruminal NH3-N concentration and estimated microbial N flow. However, feeding diets containing wheat grain led to a decrease (P = 0.045) in UUN excretion (% total urine N). Fecal and total N excretion (% of N intake) increased (P < 0.01) following the addition of wheat grain to the diet. Apparent N retention was lower (P = 0.03) for 40W than CON and 20W heifers. In summary, although it led to a desirable decrease in UUN excretion, feeding wheat grain in corn DDGS-containing diets increased acidotic conditions in the rumen, which possibly led to the tendency for a decrease in DMI. The negative apparent N retention at the 40% wheat grain inclusion also suggests a decrease in nutrient supply, which could compromise feedlot performance.

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Influence of corn hybrid, kernel traits, location, and dry rolling or steam flaking on ruminal digestibility in beef cattle

Cited by 5 publications

References 0 publications

Physical properties of kernels from modern maize hybrids used in Croatia

Physical properties of kernels from modern maize hybrids used in Croatia

Kernel properties related to carotenoid release during in vitro gastrointestinal digestion in commercial dent maize hybrids

Increasing dietary proportion of wheat grain in finishing diets containing distillers’ grains: impact on nitrogen utilization, ruminal pH, and digestive function

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