Influence of cooling rate and cerium addition on rapidly solidified Al-TM alloys

Michalcová, Alena; Vojtěch, Dalibor; Schumacher, G.; Novák, Pavel; Klementová, Mariana; Šerák, Jan; Mudrová, Martina; Valdaufova, J.

doi:10.4149/km_2010_1_1

Cited by 24 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 10 publications

(14 reference statements)

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“…The quality factor is based on the development and application of new compounds, alloys as well as numerous methods of investigation of their properties [1][2][3][4].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Determination of solidification sequence of the AlMg9 alloy

Brodarac¹,

Unkić²,

Medved³

et al. 2012

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Foundry Al-Mg alloys play an important role in overall foundry industry of light metals due to their outstanding properties, although their solidification mechanism has not been clearly determined. Solidification overview of multicomponent technical AlMg9 alloy was obtained in this work. One of significant achievement was application of "disturbed" solidification method by quenching at exactly determined temperature to obtain frozen microstructure. This method enables correlation between characteristic temperatures of phase transformations and corresponding characteristics of microstructure constituent. Mathematical expression related to the quenching temperature and time enable prediction of microstructure development during solidification of AlMg9 alloy. Chemical composition determination of particular phases, carried out by energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS), resulted in identification of Alx(MnFe)ySiz, Mg2Si and Al8Mg5 phases. Temperature and time solidification sequence were determined and compared to the predicted ones, by phase diagram modeling. The change of particular phase ratio during solidification process was established also by mathematical modeling. These models offer an oversight of the required solidification microstructure development.K e y w o r d s : Al-Mg alloy, solidification, quenching, simultaneous thermal analysis, microstructure development

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“…The quality factor is based on the development and application of new compounds, alloys as well as numerous methods of investigation of their properties [1][2][3][4].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Determination of solidification sequence of the AlMg9 alloy

Brodarac¹,

Unkić²,

Medved³

et al. 2012

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“…Area fraction of minor phases in the alloys after annealing at 450 °C for 100 h. The thermal stability of alloys was also confirmed by hardness measurement after annealing (the results are given in Table 8), which was also maintained at the same levels as before the annealing. The microstructure of Alloys 7 and 9 have the same morphology as the equilibrium precursors for rapidly solidified Al alloys described in our previous works [33]. Alloy 9, with the highest amount of alloying elements, especially exhibited high thermal stability in the cast state, which is a necessary assumption for obtaining thermally stable rapidly solidified fine-grained alloys.…”

Section: Element/samplementioning

confidence: 52%

“…The fine particles occupying the interdendritic spaces are rich in iron and might be formed by the Al11Fe7 phase. However, this morphology is typical for the Al13Fe4 phase [33]. The fact that this phase was not detected by the XRD given in Figure 1 may be caused by the very small size of the particles and a content lower than 5 wt %.…”

Section: Element/samplementioning

confidence: 88%

“…Ni and Co increase the number of TMs in the system, which is convenient if the alloy should be processed by rapid solidification techniques because it increases the glass-forming ability of the alloy [32]. The presence of RE has already been reported to improve the thermal stability of the rapidly solidified Al alloys [33]. Due to a larger atomic ratio of the RE, it also increases the glass-forming ability of the alloy system [32].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Aluminum Alloys with the Addition of Reduced Deep-Sea Nodules

Michalcová

Orlíček

Novák

2021

Metals

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An innovative way to utilize deep-sea manganese nodules is described in this paper. The manganese nodules were reduced by aluminothermy and subsequently added into aluminum as a mixture of alloying elements in their natural ratio. The microstructure and properties of aluminum alloys containing 1.2, 7.7, and 9.7 wt % of reduced nodules were studied. The alloys were formed by Al matrix and minor amounts of Al6(Fe,Mn) and Al11Fe7 intermetallic phases. The alloys containing a higher amount of reduced nodules are characterized by very good thermal stability. The obtained alloys were studied by X-ray diffraction, their microstructure was observed by scanning electron microscopy, and their local chemical composition was analyzed by energy dispersive spectrometer. The hardness of the samples was measured on the initial materials and after long-term annealing. Based on the obtained results, the aluminum alloys, with the addition of reduced deep-sea nodules, can serve as precursors for processing, e.g., by rapid solidification or hot working methods.

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“…When for scandium, the recent verification supported previous data, for cerium there is only one original source of measurement with some discrepancies between cited values of diffusion coefficients. Substantial differences between diffusion coefficients for cerium in aluminium, reported in [25,26], seem to be caused by errors with unit conversion.…”

Section: Thermal Stability: Diffusivity Advantage Of Ceriummentioning

confidence: 99%

Critical Assessment 36: Assessing differences between the use of cerium and scandium in aluminium alloying

Czerwiński

2020

Materials Science and Technology

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Key factors affecting an application of two rare-earth metals cerium and scandium as alloying elements in aluminium are critically assessed. Having similar abundance in the Earth's crust, their cost and consumption differ by three to four orders of magnitude. The spectacular increment of alloy strength, achieved by scandium through the coherent, nano-scale, L12-ordered Al3Sc precipitates is faced by the prohibitive cost barrier. For cerium, the low cost is accompanied by rather limited strengthening effects: negligible solid-state solubility of cerium in aluminium makes age hardening ineffective so the alloy strength depends on the Al11Ce3 eutectic phase, formed during solidification. As a result, there are still no commercial aluminium alloys with large-scale applications that take advantage of cerium, scandium or their combination.

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Influence of cooling rate and cerium addition on rapidly solidified Al-TM alloys

Cited by 24 publications

References 10 publications

Determination of solidification sequence of the AlMg9 alloy

Determination of solidification sequence of the AlMg9 alloy

Aluminum Alloys with the Addition of Reduced Deep-Sea Nodules

Critical Assessment 36: Assessing differences between the use of cerium and scandium in aluminium alloying

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