Influence of contact pressure and boundary films on the frictional behaviour and on the roughness changes of galvanized steel sheets

Payen, Gilles-Rémi; Felder, Éric; Repoux, Monique; Mataigne, Jean-Michel

doi:10.1016/j.wear.2011.12.007

Cited by 16 publications

(18 citation statements)

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“…In addition, areas of dark contrast were also observed inside the grains (white box (3) in Fig. 6(d)) and on the Zn grain boundaries (white box (5) in Fig. 6(f)).…”

Section: Microstructures Of Zn Coating Layermentioning

confidence: 94%

“…4) Technologies for control of the surface texture of sheets by temper rolling have been demonstrated in many reports. [5][6][7][8][9] The effect of surface roughness on frictional characteristics can be explained by the effect of oil trapping due to the remaining hollows on the HDG surface during sliding. [10][11][12] The effect of Al-based oxides, which naturally segregate on the HDG surface, on the friction coefficient also have been studied.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Segregation Mechanism of Al-based Oxides on Surface of Zn-0.2mass%Al Hot-dip Galvanized Steel Sheets

et al. 2020

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It is known that the Al added to the Zn coating layer of hot-dip galvanized steel sheets (HDG) segregates on the surface of temper-rolled HDG as Al-based oxides with increasing aging time in air at room temperature. In this study, the surfaces of Zn-0.2mass%Al HDG with and without temper rolling were investigated to clarify the segregation mechanism. Specimens with a Zn coating weight of 55-57 g/m 2 including 0.19-0.20 mass% of Al were used. The specimens were aged in air at 20°C or held in liquid nitrogen, and the surface and cross sections of the specimens were then observed and analyzed by XRF, SEM-EDX and EBSD. As a result, it was found that the velocity of Al-based oxide segregation on the surface of the temper-rolled HDG was much higher than that of the HDG without temper rolling. This was attributed to the difference in the area where formation of Al-based oxides was possible. It was also found that the Zn crystal grains in the coating layer were refined by recrystallization due to contact with the temper roll, resulting in an increased number of grain boundaries that can serve as Al diffusion paths. Some unrecrystallized grains also remained after temper rolling and could increase the number of formation sites for Al-based oxides, as they contain numerous dislocations that can serve as Al diffusion paths. These two different formation sites could lead to difference in the segregation rates observed in this study.

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“…In addition, areas of dark contrast were also observed inside the grains (white box (3) in Fig. 6(d)) and on the Zn grain boundaries (white box (5) in Fig. 6(f)).…”

Section: Microstructures Of Zn Coating Layermentioning

confidence: 94%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Segregation Mechanism of Al-based Oxides on Surface of Zn-0.2mass%Al Hot-dip Galvanized Steel Sheets

et al. 2020

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“…It is well known that the surface roughness of GI affects its frictional properties, 4) and a technology for controlling surface texture by temper rolling in order to improve frictional properties has also been reported. 5) Generally, less than 1 mass% of Al is added to molten Zn in the GI manufacturing process in order to decrease dross and to prevent Zn from alloying with the base steel. 6,7) Although the amount of added Al is small, it has been reported that this Al segregates on the GI surface as oxides with increasing aging time.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Al-based Oxide Layer on Frictional Properties of Hot-dip Galvanized Steel Sheets

Hoshino¹,

Nagoshi²,

Tanimoto

et al. 2017

ISIJ Int.

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The effect of the Al-based oxide layer which segregates on the surface of hot-dip galvanized steel sheets (GI) with aging on the frictional properties of the GI was investigated.Conventional GI with the Zn coating weight of 67 g/m 2 including 0.36 mass% Al were used as test specimens. It was found that an Al-based oxide layer grew on the GI surface with aging after production, and the friction coefficient tended to decrease due to the existence of these Al-based oxides. However, this tendency was clearer under the sliding conditions of shorter tool length and higher contact pressure than of longer tool length and lower contact pressure.In order to understand this behavior, surface observation and analysis of both the test specimens and the tools after sliding were carried out by SEM, EDX and EPMA. Both Al-based oxides and metallic Zn were detected as adhered materials on the tool surface after sliding, and the surfaces of adhered materials were covered with Al-based oxides. This suggests that the adhered materials on the tool have the effects of reducing the adhesion force between the metallic Zn of the GI and the tool and reducing the tool roughness. These effects led to a lower friction coefficient because both shearing and plowing resistance were decreased. In addition, the area on the tool which were covered by the adhered materials depended on the tool length. This is thought to be the reason why the effect of the Al-based oxide layer depended on the sliding conditions.

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“…Parameters that can influence friction and lubrication are also extensively studied in the last decade. Payen et al [40] investigated mainly the role of contact pressure and of a chemical coating on the tribological behavior and the roughness changes of sheets surfaces in SDT, which they called the plane friction test. Applying an anti-adhesive coating reduced the local friction shear stress at the boundary contacts.…”

Section: Friction Between Flat Diesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Recent Developments and Trends in the Friction Testing for Conventional Sheet Metal Forming and Incremental Sheet Forming

Trzepieciński

Lemu

2019

Metals

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Friction is the main phenomenon that has a huge influence on the flow behavior of deformed material in sheet metal forming operations. Sheet metal forming methods are one of the most popular processes of obtaining finished products, especially in aerospace, automobile, and defense industries. Methods of sheet forming are carried out at different temperatures. So, it requires tribological tests that suitably represent the contact phenomena related to the temperature. The knowledge of the friction properties of the sheet is required for the proper design of the conditions of manufacturing processes and tools. This paper summarizes the methods used to describe friction conditions in conventional sheet metal forming and incremental sheet forming that have been developed over a period of time. The following databases have been searched: WebofKowledge, Scopus, Baztool, Bielefield Academic Search Engine, DOAJ Directory of Open Access Journals, eLibrary.ru, FreeFullPdf, GoogleScholar, INGENTA, Polish Scientific Journals Database, ScienceDirect, Springer, WorldCat, WorldWideScience. The English language is selected as the main source of review. However, in a limited scope, databases in Polish and Russian languages are also used. Many methods of friction testing for tribological studies are selected and presented. Some of the methods are observed to have a huge potential in characterizing frictional resistance. The application of these methods and main results have also been provided. Parameters affecting the frictional phenomena and the role of friction have also been explained. The main disadvantages and limitations of the methods of modeling the friction phenomena in specific areas of material to be formed have been discussed. The main findings are as follows—The tribological tests can be classified into direct and indirect measurement tests of the coefficient of friction (COF). In indirect methods of determination, the COF is determined based on measuring other physical quantities. The disadvantage of this type of methods is that they allow the determination of the average COF values, but they do not allow measuring and determining the real friction resistance. In metal forming operations, there exist high local pressures that intensify the effects of adhesion and plowing in the friction resistance. In such conditions, due to the plastic deformation of the material tested, the usage of the formula for the determination of the COF based on the Coulomb friction model is limited. The applicability of the Coulomb friction model to determine the COF is also very limited in the description of contact phenomena in hot SMF due to the high shear of adhesion in total contact resistance.

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Influence of contact pressure and boundary films on the frictional behaviour and on the roughness changes of galvanized steel sheets

Cited by 16 publications

References 10 publications

Segregation Mechanism of Al-based Oxides on Surface of Zn-0.2mass%Al Hot-dip Galvanized Steel Sheets

Segregation Mechanism of Al-based Oxides on Surface of Zn-0.2mass%Al Hot-dip Galvanized Steel Sheets

Effect of Al-based Oxide Layer on Frictional Properties of Hot-dip Galvanized Steel Sheets

Recent Developments and Trends in the Friction Testing for Conventional Sheet Metal Forming and Incremental Sheet Forming

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