Influence of conductive PEDOT:PSS in a hard tissue scaffold: In vitro and in vivo study

Fani, Nesa; Hajinasrollah, Mostafa; Vostikolaee, MH Asghari; Eslaminejad, Mohamadreza Baghaban; Mashhadiabbas, F; Tongas, Nikita; Rasoulianboroujeni, Morteza; Yadegari, Amir; Ede, KF; Tahriri, Mohammadreza; Tayebi, Lobat

doi:10.1177/0883911519881720

Cited by 16 publications

(19 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…Based on the success of these preliminary results, this paper investigates the in vivo performance of PCL/MWCNTs scaffolds containing 0 wt%, 0.75 wt% and 3 wt% of MWCNTs as the conductive implants. As most in vivo studies focus on the relatively early-stage of bone formation (approximately 2 months) [25][26][27][28], this paper also investigates the effect of conductive scaffolds combined with ES on the late-stage of bone formation, particularly the bone remodeling process reaching homeostasis that remains unknown.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

In vivo study of conductive 3D printed PCL/MWCNTs scaffolds with electrical stimulation for bone tissue engineering

et al. 2021

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Critical bone defects are considered one of the major clinical challenges in reconstructive bone surgery. The combination of 3D printed conductive scaffolds and exogenous electrical stimulation (ES) is a potential favorable approach for bone tissue repair. In this study, 3D conductive scaffolds made with biocompatible and biodegradable polycaprolactone (PCL) and multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) were produced using the extrusion-based additive manufacturing to treat large calvary bone defects in rats. Histology results show that the use of PCL/MWCNTs scaffolds and ES contributes to thicker and increased bone tissue formation within the bone defect. Angiogenesis and mineralization are also significantly promoted using high concentration of MWCNTs (3 wt%) and ES. Moreover, scaffolds favor the tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase (TRAP) positive cell formation, while the addition of MWCNTs seems to inhibit the osteoclastogenesis but present limited effects on the osteoclast functionalities (receptor activator of nuclear factor κβ ligand (RANKL) and osteoprotegerin (OPG) expressions). The use of ES promotes the osteoclastogenesis and RANKL expressions, showing a dominant effect in the bone remodeling process. These results indicate that the combination of 3D printed conductive PCL/MWCNTs scaffold and ES is a promising strategy to treat critical bone defects and provide a cue to establish an optimal protocol to use conductive scaffolds and ES for bone tissue engineering.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

In vivo study of conductive 3D printed PCL/MWCNTs scaffolds with electrical stimulation for bone tissue engineering

et al. 2021

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“…In particular, poly (3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) (PEDOT) draws considerable attention in providing electroactive coatings due to its high conductivity, high stability, and good biocompatibility, already shown for endothelial, epithelial, fibroblasts, macrophage, and human neural cell lines [5,6]. Recently, different forms of PEDOT were introduced as excellent biointerfaces, including organic platforms for neural stimulation and recording (PEDOT:Nafion) [7], hard tissue scaffolds (composite of PEDOT:PSS, gelatin and bioactive glass) [8], physiological strain sensors (composite of PEDOT:PSS functionalized CNTs and poly(glycerol sebacate urethane)) [9], and platforms for tissue engineering and organoid approaches (PEDOT:PSS crosslinked via glycidoxypropyltrimethoxysilane) [10].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dopant-Dependent Electrical and Biological Functionality of PEDOT in Bioelectronics

et al. 2021

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The aspiration to interact living cells with electronics challenges researchers to develop materials working at the interface of these two distinct environments. A successful interfacing coating should exhibit both biocompatibility and desired functionality of a bio-integrated device. Taking into account biodiversity, the tissue interface should be fine-tuned to the specific requirements of the bioelectronic systems. In this study, we pointed to electrochemical doping of conducting polymers as a strategy enabling the efficient manufacturing of interfacing platforms, in which features could be easily adjusted. Consequently, we fabricated conducting films based on a poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) (PEDOT) matrix, with properties modulated through doping with selected ions: PSS− (poly(styrene sulfonate)), ClO4− (perchlorate), and PF6− (hexafluorophosphate). Striving to extend the knowledge on the relationships governing the dopant effect on PEDOT films, the samples were characterized in terms of their chemical, morphological, and electrochemical properties. To investigate the impact of the materials on attachment and growth of cells, rat neuroblastoma B35 cells were cultured on their surface and analyzed using scanning electron microscopy and biological assays. Eventually, it was shown that through the choice of a dopant and doping conditions, PEDOT-based materials can be efficiently tuned with diversified physicochemical properties. Therefore, our results proved electrochemical doping of PEDOT as a valuable strategy facilitating the development of promising tissue interfacing materials with characteristics tailored as required.

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“…PEDOT: PSS is a well-known conducting polymer in addition to polyaniline, polypyrrole and polythiophene [ 46 , 47 ]. The presence of free-moving electrons along the PEDOT chain allows charge transfer.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…To render these hydrogels electrically conductive, we incorporated PEDOT: poly (4-styrenesulfonic acid) (PSS) into them. Due to proper bond length and chemical properties, PEDOT: PSS offers greater chemical and thermal stability than other commonly used CPs including Ppy and PANi [ 46 , 47 , 48 , 49 , 50 , 51 ]. PSS was added to improve the aqueous solubility and to act as a primary dopant to PEDOT [ 52 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Synthesis and Characterization of Porous, Electro-Conductive Chitosan–Gelatin–Agar-Based PEDOT: PSS Scaffolds for Potential Use in Tissue Engineering

et al. 2021

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Herein we report the synthesis and characterization of electro-conductive chitosan–gelatin–agar (Cs-Gel-Agar) based PEDOT: PSS hydrogels for tissue engineering. Cs-Gel-Agar porous hydrogels with 0–2.0% (v/v) PEDOT: PSS were fabricated using a thermal reverse casting method where low melting agarose served as the pore template. Sample characterizations were performed by means of scanning electron microscopy (SEM), attenuated total reflectance–Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (ATR–FTIR), X-ray diffraction analysis (XRD) and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS). Our results showed enhanced electrical conductivity of the cs-gel-agar hydrogels when mixed with DMSO-doped PEDOT: PSS wherein the optimum mixing ratio was observed at 1% (v/v) with a conductivity value of 3.35 × 10−4 S cm−1. However, increasing the PEDOT: PSS content up to 1.5 % (v/v) resulted in reduced conductivity to 3.28 × 10−4 S cm−1. We conducted in vitro stability tests on the porous hydrogels using phosphate-buffered saline (PBS) solution and investigated the hydrogels’ performances through physical observations and ATR–FTIR characterization. The present study provides promising preliminary data on the potential use of Cs-Gel-Agar-based PEDOT: PSS hydrogel for tissue engineering, and these, hence, warrant further investigation to assess their capability as biocompatible scaffolds.

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Influence of conductive PEDOT:PSS in a hard tissue scaffold: In vitro and in vivo study

Cited by 16 publications

References 16 publications

In vivo study of conductive 3D printed PCL/MWCNTs scaffolds with electrical stimulation for bone tissue engineering

In vivo study of conductive 3D printed PCL/MWCNTs scaffolds with electrical stimulation for bone tissue engineering

Dopant-Dependent Electrical and Biological Functionality of PEDOT in Bioelectronics

Synthesis and Characterization of Porous, Electro-Conductive Chitosan–Gelatin–Agar-Based PEDOT: PSS Scaffolds for Potential Use in Tissue Engineering

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