Influence of conditions of polyaniline synthesis in perfluorinated membrane on electrotransport properties and surface morphology of composites

Abstract

The conductivity, diffusion, and electroosmotic permeability of composites, obtained in different conditions of polyaniline synthesis on the surface or in volume of perfluorinated MF-4SK membrane, were studied. The oxidative polymerization of aniline was carried out in static conditions in mixture of monomer and oxidant solutions, in concentration field by method of successive diffusion of polymerization solutions through the membrane in water, and in an external electrical field. The concentration of polymerization solutions, the type of electron acceptors, duration of synthesis, and current density were varied to obtain a set of composites. The certain advantages of every method of polyaniline chemical template synthesis were revealed to prepare the materials with required set of the electrotransport characteristics.

Influence of Electric Field during the Chemical Synthesis of Polyaniline on the Surface of Heterogeneous Sulfonated Cation-Exchange Membranes on the Their Structure and Properties

“…For comparison, the oxidative polymerization of aniline on the MK-40 membrane surface was carried out under static conditions without applying an external electric field. In this case, the rapid synthesis and the standard synthesis of polyaniline were used [27,28]. The experiment was carried out in a two-compartment cell in two steps according to the method of successive diffusion of the monomer and oxidant solution into water.…”

“…Oxidative polymerization of aniline is usually carried out under conditions of successive diffusion of monomer and oxidant solutions through the membrane into water [15,17,25,28] and, as a rule, is accompanied by a decrease in not only the diffusion and electroosmotic permeability of the membranes, but also their electrical conductivity. Carrying out this process under conditions of an external electric field facilitates the monomer and oxidant transport to the desired area of the membrane by not only the diffusion, but also the migration mechanism and allows the use of a lower concentration of polymerization solutions and simultaneous modification of several membranes directly during electrodialysis [26,[28][29][30][31][32]. Ion-exchange membranes modified with polyaniline under external electric field are characterized by a higher electrical conductivity compared to samples in which polyaniline was synthesized under static conditions [28].…”

“…Carrying out this process under conditions of an external electric field facilitates the monomer and oxidant transport to the desired area of the membrane by not only the diffusion, but also the migration mechanism and allows the use of a lower concentration of polymerization solutions and simultaneous modification of several membranes directly during electrodialysis [26,[28][29][30][31][32]. Ion-exchange membranes modified with polyaniline under external electric field are characterized by a higher electrical conductivity compared to samples in which polyaniline was synthesized under static conditions [28]. One of the possible reasons behind the better electrical conductivity of the membranes is the special structure of the polyaniline layer synthesized under these conditions; however, the role of the electric field in this process has not yet been clarified.…”

Permselectivity of Cation Exchange Membranes Modified by Polyaniline

“…The properties of composites depend on the PANI synthesis conditions: concentrations of aniline and oxidant, synthesis duration, the nature of oxidant, background acid and solvent, presence of concentration and electric fields, etc. [ 20 , 21 , 22 , 23 , 24 , 25 ]. The PANI could localize on the surface or in the bulk of the membrane according to the type of oxidizer: co-ion or counter-ion towards the initial membrane [ 26 ].…”

Development of ESAT-6 Based Immunosensor for the Detection of Mycobacterium tuberculosis

“…Ni is an inexpensive, non-toxic, and stable metal used for sensing applications. Further, polyaniline (PANI) is frequently used as a conductive material for many electrical and electronic applications ( 20 , 33 ). Therefore, a composite of Ni, rGO, and PANI is a potential candidate for the electrode, and is the focus of the present study.…”