Influence of Complexation With Chloride on the Responses of a Lux- Marked Bacteria Bioassay to Cadmium, Copper, Lead, and Mercury

Sarin, Charoon; Hall, Jennifer M.; Cotter-Howells, Janet; Killham, Ken; Cresser, Malcolm S.

doi:10.1897/1551-5028(2000)019<0259:iocwco>2.3.co;2

Cited by 15 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 11 publications

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“…2A and B), we have shown that silver uptake is enhanced in the presence of silver chloro‐complexes. Similar results have recently been reported for bacteria (Cd, Pb [24]) and rooted plants (Cd [25]). To understand this failure of the FIM to predict silver uptake in the presence of appreciable chloride complexation, it is important to distinguish between two different types of explanation, depending on which step limits the rate of uptake [26].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 90%

Silver uptake by the green alga Chlamydomonas reinhardtii in relation to chemical speciation: Influence of chloride

Fortin

Campbell

2000

Enviro Toxic and Chemistry

110

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Short‐term (<1 h) silver uptake by the green alga Chlamydomonas reinhardtii was measured in the laboratory in defined inorganic media over a range of silver and chloride concentrations. For a low, fixed, free Ag+ concentration (e.g., 8 nM), silver uptake increases markedly (up to ∼4×) as a function of the chloride concentration (5 μM→4 mM Cl−); the free‐ion model would have predicted a constant silver uptake rate. No evidence could be found for the passive diffusion of the neutral AgCl0 complex or for the facilitated uptake of the anionic AgCl−2 complex. The enhanced uptake observed in the presence of chloride is related to the very high silver uptake rates demonstrated by the test alga, which lead to diffusion limitation in the boundary layer surrounding the algal cell. In such a situation, metal accumulation is proportional to the total metal concentration (i.e., to the concentration gradient between the bulk solution and the algal surface). At higher silver concentrations (e.g., ≥ 10−7 M), diffusion in the phycosphere is no longer rate limiting, the chloride stimulation disappears, and silver uptake is sensitive to the free‐ion concentration. However, such a high concentration of silver is not likely to be encountered in the environment, even in wastewater effluents.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 90%

Silver uptake by the green alga Chlamydomonas reinhardtii in relation to chemical speciation: Influence of chloride

Fortin

Campbell

2000

Enviro Toxic and Chemistry

110

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“…However, chloro-complexes were usually found in higher concentrations in the photocyte and Microtox bioassays than in the P. phosphoreum bioassay that showed greater toxicity. Thus, if chloro-complexes are toxic (Bienvenue et al, 1984;Sarin et al, 2000), the cells in the three bioassays have distinct biological tolerances to these chloro-complexes.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Chemical speciation and toxicity of metals assessed by three bioluminescence‐based assays using marine organisms

Deheyn

Bencheikh-Latmani

Latz

2004

Environmental Toxicology

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ABSTRACT:Metal toxicity is a function of the biology of the target organism and the chemical speciation of the metal. The toxicity of 11 metals was assessed with three cell-based bioassays based on marine organisms: the bacterium Photobacterium phosphoreum of the Microtoxா bioassay, an environmental strain of P. phosphoreum, and photocytes isolated from the brittlestar Ophiopsila californica. Metal speciation was calculated for three commonly used media: NaCl-based Microtoxா bioassay medium, artificial seawater glycerol, and artificial seawater. Decreased bioluminescence was considered a proxy for cell toxicity. In all three assays the elements Cd and Hg exhibited similar speciation as well as similar toxicity profiles. The element Cu was toxic in all three assays despite different metal speciation for the P. phosphoreum bioassay. The element Ag was toxic to both bacterial strains but not to photocytes despite a similar chemical speciation for all three assays. In general, the Microtoxா bioassay was sensitive to all metals (except Pb), whereas the photocytes were the least sensitive to the metals. The heightened response of the Microtoxா bioassay probably resulted from a combination of the limited complexing power of the medium and the greater sensitivity of the bacterial strain.

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“…Sarin et al (2000) showed in their recent publication that the toxicity of Cu was a function of Cl À concentration. The toxicity of Cu decreased at high Cl À concentrations in accordance with decreased free Cu 2+ concentration or increased CuCl n À(nÀ2) complex concentration.…”

Section: CLmentioning

confidence: 99%

Application of anodic stripping voltammetry to predict the bioavailable/toxic concentration of Cu in natural water

Huang

Wang

2003

Applied Geochemistry

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In this paper, the concentration of labile Cu measured by differential pulse anodic stripping voltammetry with a double acidification method (DAM-DPASV) was used to predict the growth inhibition of Cu on the alga Scenedesmus oblignus (S. oblignus). The influences of alkalinity, Cl À , and different concentrations of ethylene diamine tetraacetic acid (EDTA) and fulvic acid (FA) on the labile concentration and toxicity of Cu were investigated in reconstituted water and natural water. The results showed that Cl À and alkalinity did not affect labile Cu concentration, but decreased the toxicity of Cu to S. oblignus in the Cu concentration range observed in fresh water. The influences of alkalinity and Cl À could be modeled if Cu-carbonate complexes and Cu-chloride complexes were considered as nontoxic species. Organic complexes of Cu with EDTA and FA did not contribute either to the labile concentration of Cu or to the toxicity of Cu on S. oblignus. The growth inhibition of Cu on S. oblignus in natural water could be predicted by using the bioavailable concentration of Cu, or [Cu*], which could be calculated from the labile Cu concentration using the DAM-DPASV method and the concentrations of Cu-carbonate and Cu-chloride complexes obtained from the MINTEQ A2 model. #

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Influence of Complexation With Chloride on the Responses of a Lux- Marked Bacteria Bioassay to Cadmium, Copper, Lead, and Mercury

Cited by 15 publications

References 11 publications

Silver uptake by the green alga Chlamydomonas reinhardtii in relation to chemical speciation: Influence of chloride

Silver uptake by the green alga Chlamydomonas reinhardtii in relation to chemical speciation: Influence of chloride

Chemical speciation and toxicity of metals assessed by three bioluminescence‐based assays using marine organisms

Application of anodic stripping voltammetry to predict the bioavailable/toxic concentration of Cu in natural water

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