Influence of Combustion Chamber Shape and In-Cylinder Density on Soot Formation in Diesel Combustion

Funayama, Yoshihiro; Yoshitomi, Kazunori; Ishii, Mori; Nakajima, Hiroshi; Fuyuto, Takayuki

doi:10.4271/2019-01-2271

Cited by 5 publications

References 15 publications

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Assessing the hazard of diesel particulate matter (DPM) in the mining industry: A review of the current state of knowledge

Azam,

Liu,

Bhattacharyya

et al. 2024

Int J Coal Sci Technol

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In the confined spaces of underground mines, the exposure of over 10,000 miners in the U.S. to diesel exhaust and diesel particulate matter (DPM) is an occupational inevitability, particularly in metal and nonmetal mineral extraction. These workers routinely operate amidst diesel-powered equipment, often outdated and highly polluting, extracting resources such as limestone, gold, and salt. The acute health effects of such exposure are significant, leading to symptoms like headaches and flu-like conditions, with the impact being more pronounced in these closed work environments. This review scrutinizes DPM’s hazard in the mining sector, consolidating the extant knowledge and exploring ongoing research. It encapsulates our understanding of DPM’s physicochemical properties, existing sampling methods, health ramifications, and mitigation technologies. Moreover, it underscores the necessity for further study in areas such as the evolution of DPM’s physicochemical attributes, from its genesis at high-pressure, high-temperature conditions within diesel engines to its emission into the mine atmosphere. A key research gap is the intricate interaction of DPM with specific characteristics of the mine environment—such as relative humidity, ambient temperature, the presence of other mineral dust, and the dynamics of ventilation air. These factors can significantly alter the physicochemical profile of DPM, influencing both its in-mine transport and its deposition behavior. Consequently, this can affect the respiratory health of miners, modifying the toxicity and the respiratory deposition of DPM particles. Identified research imperatives include (1) the advancement of instrumentation for accurate number measurement of DPM to replace or supplement traditional gravimetric methods; (2) the development of long-lasting, cost-effective control technologies tailored for the mining industry; (3) an in-depth investigation of DPM interactions within the unique mine microclimate, considering the critical components like humidity and other aerosols; and (4) understanding the differential impact of DPM in mining compared to other industries, informing the creation of mining-specific health and safety protocols. This review’s findings underscore the urgency to enhance emission control and exposure prevention strategies, paving the way for a healthier underground mining work environment.

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Assessing the hazard of diesel particulate matter (DPM) in the mining industry: A review of the current state of knowledge

Azam,

Liu,

Bhattacharyya

et al. 2024

Int J Coal Sci Technol

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A novel fuel injected mass feedback-control for single and multiple injections in direct injection systems for CI engines

Ferrari

Novara

Vento

et al. 2023

Fuel

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Combustion performance characteristics of double-layer diverging combustion chamber compared with re-entrant chamber and omega chamber

Fu¹,

Du²,

Ge³

et al. 2023

Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part D:

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Combustion chamber is a main component for Diesel, as it organizes the fuel-air mixing and combustion processes and eventually determines Diesel performance. In the past decades, the chamber turned into the higher radius-to-depth ratio and lower area-to-volume ratio type to increase the in-cylinder air utilization and promote the fuel spray spreading. The Double-Layer Diverging Combustion chamber (DLDC chamber) was designed in this background. In order to obtain the DLDC chamber performance characteristics comprehensively, a 135-type Diesel with a DLDC chamber, a re-entrant chamber and a ω chamber was selected. The results suggested that the DLDC chamber decreased the BSFC and soot emission, but increased the NOx with higher pmax and heat release rates during the premixed combustion phase, as it could divide the fuel into two layers and promote the fuel spreading and combustion; adjusting the injection parameters made the BSFC and exhaust emissions of the DLDC chamber change quite differently, because the different layers of the DLDC chamber had their own chamber-spray-charge motion matchings. Finally, the investigation indicated that the DLDC chamber provided lower exhaust emissions compared with the other two chambers by keeping the same fuel consumption; moreover, the DLDC chamber provided the lowest BSFC and soot emission in the three chambers under the same NOx emissions level.

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Influence of Combustion Chamber Shape and In-Cylinder Density on Soot Formation in Diesel Combustion

Cited by 5 publications

References 15 publications

Assessing the hazard of diesel particulate matter (DPM) in the mining industry: A review of the current state of knowledge

Assessing the hazard of diesel particulate matter (DPM) in the mining industry: A review of the current state of knowledge

A novel fuel injected mass feedback-control for single and multiple injections in direct injection systems for CI engines

Combustion performance characteristics of double-layer diverging combustion chamber compared with re-entrant chamber and omega chamber

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