Influence of Color/Display Ratio on the Perception of Mass of Manipulated Objects in Virtual Environments

A Systematic Review of Weight Perception in Virtual Reality: Techniques, Challenges, and Road Ahead

“…One of the commonly used pseudo-haptic techniques in weight perception is to modulate the mapping between the actions of the user and the feedback provided by the system by altering the control/display ratio, by changing the amount of movement between virtual and actual hand or the displacement of the object to generate different weight illusion. The technique was applied in the research works of Dominjon et al [144], Rietzler et al [7], Samad et al [145], Taima et al [143], Hirao et al [142], and Paul et al [140].…”

“…Dominjon et al [144] adjusted the translational C/D ratio to generate the perception of mass. The concept was tested by attaching a physical foam ball to a PHANToM device.…”

“…Ideally, a true multimodal haptic experience should be able to support features like being able to simulate various shapes and forms, surface types and textures, temperatures and thermal sensations, all types of contact forces, ranging from air resistance, applied forces, frictional forces, gravitational forces, shear forces, spring forces, and tension. However, inevitable challenges that cannot be ignored in the multimodal weight perception are the conflict of senses that render the weight cues [144], [175], [176], and the conflict in the mechanical design of the device. Attaching multiple sensors or actuators to the same body part may dampen the transmission of desire haptic feedback and limit the weight sensations [94].…”

Beyond The Force

“…Passive haptics are limited as the shape, position, and properties of the physical prop have to closely match their virtual counterparts. Researchers have explored the use of pseudo haptics, a form of haptic illusions, to manipulate the perception of passive haptic devices [12,36]. However, certain virtual elements such as dynamic objects can only be represented using an active device.…”