Influence of coke deactivation and vanadium and nickel contamination on the performance of low ZSM-5 levels in FCC catalysts

Wallenstein, D.; Kanz, B.; Haas, A.

doi:10.1016/s0926-860x(99)00334-8

Cited by 22 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…Vanadium and nickel have been shown to exhibit dissimilar behaviors on contact with the FCC catalyst [2] . For instance, vanadium, in the presence of steam, at high temperature, causes dealumination of framework aluminum, destruction of zeolite crystallinity and collapse of zeolite structure [3][4][5][6][7][8] . On the con-trary, dealumination and/or catalyst framework destruction caused by Ni is insignificant compared with V, but Ni acts as a catalyst for dehydrogenation reaction, thereby promoting coking and shifting the selectivity away from the desired cracked product(s) [9] .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Role of nickel on vanadium poisoned FCC catalyst: A study of physiochemical properties

Etim

Peng

et al. 2016

Journal of Energy Chemistry

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Role of nickel on vanadium poisoned FCC catalyst: A study of physiochemical properties

Etim

Peng

et al. 2016

Journal of Energy Chemistry

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“…The n-hexane activity is indeed lower compared to the commercial ZSM-5 [22] zeolite and remains similar to deactivated ZSM-5 [32], including the reference ZSM-5 (Ref. [1]).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 77%

Insights to Achieve a Better Control of Silicon-Aluminum Ratio and ZSM-5 Zeolite Crystal Morphology through the Assistance of Biomass

et al. 2016

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Abstract:The present study attempts to provide insights for both the chemical composition (Si/Al) and the crystal morphology of ZSM-5 zeolites while using biomass template compounds in the synthesis. The solution containing biomass-derivative compounds was obtained after treating biomass in a sodium hydroxide aqueous solution under reflux. The latter alkaline solution was used as a solvent for zeolite nuclei ingredients to form the gel phase under hydrothermal conditions (170˝C during 24, 48 or 72 h). This approach allowed for preparing MFI zeolites having a broad range of Si/Al ratio, i.e., from 25 to 150. Likewise, MFI crystals with different morphologies could be obtained, being different from the pristine zeolite formed in the absence of biomass.

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“…2, high light olefin yield in our results is also reflected by the relatively low C 4 paraffin-to-C 4 olefin ratios and high hydrogen-to-methane ratios for highly contaminated ECat-HIGH catalyst compared to relatively less contaminated ECat-LOW catalyst. Wallenstein et al [16] also reported higher olefin yields for the metallated catalysts. In their study, after catalysts were impregnated with vanadium and nickel catalysts were exposed to 30 cycles of oxidizing and reducing atmosphere at 788 • C. The higher olefin yields for metallated catalysts compared to non-metallated catalyst was attributed to the dehydrogenation activity of vanadium and nickel [16].…”

Section: Hydrogen Transfer Reactionsmentioning

confidence: 92%

“…Wallenstein et al [16] also reported higher olefin yields for the metallated catalysts. In their study, after catalysts were impregnated with vanadium and nickel catalysts were exposed to 30 cycles of oxidizing and reducing atmosphere at 788 • C. The higher olefin yields for metallated catalysts compared to non-metallated catalyst was attributed to the dehydrogenation activity of vanadium and nickel [16]. Both hydrogen and methane used as pretreatment gases in this study have the ability to reduce metal oxides on the catalysts.…”

Section: Hydrogen Transfer Reactionsmentioning

confidence: 92%

Effect of pretreatment on the performance of metal-contaminated fluid catalytic cracking (FCC) catalysts

Bayraktar

Kugler

2004

Applied Catalysis A: General

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Effects of both hydrogen and methane pretreatment on the performance of metal-contaminated equilibrium fluid catalytic cracking (FCC) catalysts from a refinery were investigated. Both hydrogen and methane pretreatment at 700• C were proven to be advantageous since the yields of hydrogen and coke from sour imported gas oil (SIHGO) cracking decrease while light cycle oil (LCO) and gasoline yields increase. The catalysts pretreated with hydrogen have shown slightly better improvement than the catalysts pretreated with methane. The decrease in the yields of hydrogen and coke was attributed to decrease in the dehydrogenation activity of vanadium oxides, which are present at high concentrations on the equilibrium FCC catalysts. This decrease in dehydrogenation activity after the pretreatment was also confirmed by low hydrogen-to-methane ratio. It was found that reduced vanadium has lower dehydrogenation activity since it produces less coke and hydrogen compared to oxidized vanadium.Hydrogen transfer reactions were evaluated by measuring C 4 paraffin-to-C 4 olefin ratios. Hydrogen transfer reactions decreased with increasing metal concentration. Both hydrogen and methane pretreatment caused the hydrogen transfer reactions to increase. Improved hydrogen transfer reactions caused an increase in the gasoline range products.

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Influence of coke deactivation and vanadium and nickel contamination on the performance of low ZSM-5 levels in FCC catalysts

Cited by 22 publications

References 9 publications

Role of nickel on vanadium poisoned FCC catalyst: A study of physiochemical properties

Role of nickel on vanadium poisoned FCC catalyst: A study of physiochemical properties

Insights to Achieve a Better Control of Silicon-Aluminum Ratio and ZSM-5 Zeolite Crystal Morphology through the Assistance of Biomass

Effect of pretreatment on the performance of metal-contaminated fluid catalytic cracking (FCC) catalysts

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