Influence of clonal susceptibility, leaf age and inoculum density on infections by <i>Melampsora larici‐populina</i> races E1 and E3

Giorcelli, A.; Vietto, Lorenzo; Anselmi, N.; Gennaro, M. C.

doi:10.1111/j.1439-0329.1996.tb01078.x

Cited by 9 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 4 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Other studies reported differences in the susceptibility to rust of L. Avanzo. Artificially inoculated leaf discs of two strains of M. larici-populina showed that this clone was highly resistant to the E1 strain and highly susceptible to E3 (Giorcelli et al, 1996). Frey and Pinon (1997) also observed a wide range of reactions in L. Avanzo, ranging from susceptibility to resistance, depending on the isolate.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 95%

Susceptibility to Melampsora Leaf Rust of Poplar Clones From Diverse Genetic Backgrounds: Effects on Photochemistry and Water Relations

González-Peñas¹,

Fernàndez-Martínez²,

Zacchini³

et al. 2014

JPS

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The selection of resistant genotypes is the most appropriate approach in the prevention of the reduction of biomass and mortality caused by rust infection in poplar plantations. Thus, it is pertinent that we improve our understanding of the consequences that this fungal disease has on leaf physiology. Here, we studied the susceptibility to Melampsora rust in three different poplar clones of commercial interest: Lux clone -Populus deltoides Batr. (cottonwood) and Luisa Avanzo and Adige clones -both Populus × canadensis Mönch. The most susceptible clone to the infection was L. Avanzo whereas Lux and especially Adige were only slightly affected. The propagation of the disease was very rapid in L. Avanzo; their leaves showed a high incidence and severity of the disease in early and advanced stages of infection as was clearly evidenced by the degree of infection. Infected leaves of L. Avanzo were shown to have drought impaired water relations during summer as reflected by the marked decline in the relative water content (RWC). Chlorophyll fluorescence imaging revealed heterogeneity of the effect of the pathogen in the leaves, and areas with pustules showed low maximum quantum yield (Fv/Fm) and PSII quantum yield (Φ PSII ) values, indicative of strong photoinhibition. In L. Avanzo, with a greater pustule density, rust provoked a decline in whole leaf photochemistry as indicated by Fv/Fm and photochemical reflectance index (PRI) results. Leaf structural parameters were not affected by the disease but results in L. Avanzo and Lux showed higher leaf mass per area (LMA) and higher leaf density (D) indicating an adaptation to increasing summer drought. In all clones, the effect of the pathogen was reflected in lower leaf chlorophyll content.

show abstract

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 95%

Susceptibility to Melampsora Leaf Rust of Poplar Clones From Diverse Genetic Backgrounds: Effects on Photochemistry and Water Relations

González-Peñas¹,

Fernàndez-Martínez²,

Zacchini³

et al. 2014

JPS

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…This is the first in-depth systematic report on the potential role of MoT seed infection in the short and long-distance dissemination of MoT. Transmission of seed-borne pathogens may depend on plant age ( Giorcelli et al, 1996 ), cultivar ( Roderick and Clifford, 1995 ), plant nutritional status ( Chowdhury et al, 2022 ), and plant growing conditions ( Nopsa and Pfender, 2014 ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Role of seed infection for the near and far distance dissemination of wheat blast caused by Magnaporthe oryzae pathotype Triticum

2023

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Magnaporthe oryzae pathotype Triticum (MoT) is a devastating fungal phytopathogen causing wheat blast disease which threatens wheat production particularly in warmer climate zones. Effective disease control is hampered by the limited knowledge on the life cycle, epidemiology, and pathogenicity of MoT. Since MoT mainly infects and colonizes the inflorescences of wheat, infection, invasion routes and colonization of MoT on wheat ears and in wheat seeds were investigated in order to assess potential seed transmission pathways. MoT was spray inoculated on two wheat cultivars (Sumai 3, susceptible and Milan, resistant) at three ear maturity stages [full ear emergence, growth stage (GS) 59; mid flowering, GS 65; and end of flowering, GS 69]. Incidence of MoT on Sumai 3 seeds was 100% and 20–25% on Milan. MoT sporulation rate on Sumai 3 contaminated seeds was more than 15 times higher than on Milan. Repeated washes of seed samples for removing paraffin fixation hampers seed microscopy. To overcome the damage of seed samples, we used hand-sectioned seed samples instead of paraffin-fixed microtome samples to facilitate microscopy. The colonization of MoT within various seed tissues was followed by light and confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM). Invasion of MoT in seeds predominantly occurred in the caryopsis germ region, but entry via other seed parts was also observed, confirming the potential of intense colonization of MoT in wheat grains. Fungal spread in wheat plants growing from MoT infected seeds was monitored through plating, microscopic and molecular techniques. Under greenhouse conditions, no spread of MoT from infected seeds to seedlings later than GS 21 or to ears was detected, neither in Milan nor in Sumai 3. We therefore conclude, that MoT may not systemically contaminate inflorescences and seeds in neither susceptible nor resistant wheat cultivars. However, initial blast symptoms, only found on seedlings of Sumai 3 but not Milan, resulted in the formation of new conidia, which may serve as inoculum source for plant-to-plant dissemination by airborne infection of plant stands in the field (short distance spread). Ultimately the inoculum may infect young inflorescences in the field and contaminate seeds. Our findings again stress the risk of long-distance dissemination of wheat blast across continents through MoT-contaminated seeds. This underlines the importance of mandatory use of healthy seeds in strategies to control any further spread of wheat blast.

show abstract

“…Table 3. Pathogenicity of E1-E4 of M. larici-populina from north-western Europe to some poplar clones (extracted from Pinon (1992) and Steeanckers (1994)) Host species/hybrid , 1996;Pei et al, 2003). In this study, disease was scored based on pustule area and inoculum density data according to the method described by Pei and Hunter (in press) using the following steps.…”

Section: Disease Assessmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pathogenic variation in poplar rust Melampsora larici-populina from England

et al. 2005

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Using a leaf disc method, 19 isolates of the poplar rust, Melampsora larici-populina, and one isolate of M. populnea from England were inoculated on to 25 poplar clones belonging to Populus nigra and P. trichocarpa, and hybrids between P. deltoides and P. nigra, P. deltoides and P. trichocarpa, P. tacamahaca and P. trichocarpa, and P. alba and P. tremula. Disease was scored based on the pustule area and inoculum density. In terms of whether sporulating uredinia formed, the 19 isolates showed seven different patterns to the tested poplar clones. The majority of the rust isolates infected P. nigra 'P3090' and 'Vereecken', P. nigra · P. deltoides 'Casale' and 'Tasman', P. tacamahaca · trichocarpa '36' and 'Balsam Spire', and P. trichocarpa 'Blom'. Populus trichocarpa · P. deltoides '69039/4' was infected by only three isolates collected from southern England. No visible symptoms appeared on P. alba · P. tremula 'Tower' and P. trichcarpa · P. deltoides · P. deltoides '76028/5' in inoculations with M. larici-populina isolates. Populus alba · P. tremula 'Tower' was infected only by M. populnea. When M. larici-populina isolates were tested using AFLP, no differences were found either between isolates from different geographical regions or between those having 'narrow' spectrum of virulence and those showing 'wide' spectrum of virulence on the tested clones. The results suggest that the UK rust populations possess virulences which were found in races E1, E2, E3 and E4 in continental Europe and that rust having virulence patterns similar to race E4 has occurred in UK poplar plantations since 1996.

show abstract

Influence of clonal susceptibility, leaf age and inoculum density on infections by Melampsora larici‐populina races E1 and E3

Cited by 9 publications

References 4 publications

Susceptibility to Melampsora Leaf Rust of Poplar Clones From Diverse Genetic Backgrounds: Effects on Photochemistry and Water Relations

Susceptibility to Melampsora Leaf Rust of Poplar Clones From Diverse Genetic Backgrounds: Effects on Photochemistry and Water Relations

Role of seed infection for the near and far distance dissemination of wheat blast caused by Magnaporthe oryzae pathotype Triticum

Pathogenic variation in poplar rust Melampsora larici-populina from England

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About