Influence of climate, soil moisture, and succession on forest carbon and nitrogen cycles

Pastor, John; Post, Wilfred M.

doi:10.1007/bf02186962

Cited by 644 publications

(322 citation statements)

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“…Frequently, plant lignin or lignin: nitrogen and carbon: nitrogen ratios are viewed as important variables determining soil nutrient availability and cycling, particularly nitrogen mineralization rates (Melillo et al 1982, Pastor and Post 1986, Wedin and Tilman 1990, Stump and Binkley 1993. In general, we found that species with the highest nitrogen mineralization rates in soils beneath their canopy also had the lowest root lignin: nitrogen and carbon: nitrogen ratios (e.g., Stipa comata and, in the NW plots, K. scoparia).…”

Section: Plant Species and Lifeform Effects On Soilsmentioning

confidence: 71%

“…Individual plant characteristics, such as life-span, biomass allocation, and tissue chemical composition have been shown to have significant effects on ecosystem processes such as soil organic matter and nutrient dynamics (Melillo et al 1982, Pastor et al 1984, Pastor and Post 1986, Vitousek et al 1987, Berendse et al 1989, Matson 1990, Binkley and Valentine 1991, Johnson and Damman 1991. Many of these studies showing significant plant species effects on nutrient cycling have been conducted in forests or in systems undergoing primary succession.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Pastor and Post ( 1986) used a simulation model of forest nutrient cycling to demonstrate that feedbacks between plant species litter characteristics and soil nutrient levels have important implications for forest species dynamics and ecosystem development through time. This feedback potential is particularly important for systems undergoing significant changes in species composition, such as those resulting from human intervention.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Interactions Between Individual Plant Species and Soil Nutrient Status in Shortgrass Steppe

Vinton¹,

Burke²

1995

Ecology

294

237

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Abstract. The effect of plant community structure on nutrient cycling is fundamental to our understanding of ecosystem function. We examined the importance of plant species and plant cover (i.e., plant covered microsites vs. bare soil) on nutrient cycling in shortgrass steppe of northeastern Colorado. We tested the effects of both plant species and cover on soils in an area of undisturbed shortgrass steppe and an area that had undergone nitrogen and water additions from 1971 to 1974, resulting in significant shifts in plant species composition.Soils under plants had consistently higher C and N mineralization rates and, in some cases, higher total and microbial C and N levels than soils without plant cover. Four native grasses, one sedge, and one shrub differed from one another in the quantity and quality of above-and belowground biomass but differences among the six species in soil nutrient cycling under their canopies were slight. However, soils under bunchgrasses tended to have higher C mineralization and microbial biomass C than soil under the rhizomatous grass, Agropyron smithii. Also, the one introduced annual in the study, Kochia scoparia, had soils with less plant-induced heterogeneity and higher rates of C and N mineralization as well as higher levels of microbial biomass C than soils associated with the other species. This species was abundant only on plots that had received water and nitrogen for a 4-yr period that ended 20 yr ago, where it has persisted in the absence of resource additions for 20 yr, suggesting a positive feedback between plant persistence and soil nutrient status.Plant cover patterns had larger effects on ecosystem scale estimates of soil properties than the attributes of a particular plant species. This result may be due to the semiarid nature of this grassland in which plant cover is discontinuous and decomposition and nutrient availability are primarily limited by water, not by plant species-mediated characteristics such as litter quality. That local plant-induced patterns in soil properties significantly affected ecosystem scale estimates of these properties indicates that consideration of structural attributes, particularly plant cover patterns, is critical to estimates of ecosystem function in shortgrass steppe.

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Section: Plant Species and Lifeform Effects On Soilsmentioning

confidence: 71%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Interactions Between Individual Plant Species and Soil Nutrient Status in Shortgrass Steppe

Vinton¹,

Burke²

1995

Ecology

294

237

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“…The quantity of soil nitrogen is assumed to affect tree growth and stand composition, which in turn alters the quantity and quality of litter, and modifies decomposition rates. Soil organic matter and soil nitrogen may continue to Davies-Colley et al-Modelling stream recovery accumulate for several centuries, whereas estimates of transpiration may vary rapidly and depend only on the physical environment (pastor & post 1986;Molloy 1988). …”

Section: Forest Modelmentioning

confidence: 99%

Modelling the time course of shade, temperature, and wood recovery in streams with riparian forest restoration

Davies‐Colley¹,

Meleason

Hall

et al. 2009

New Zealand Journal of Marine and Freshwater Research

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action is increasingly being taken in New Zealand and elsewhere to restore ecological function to streams through planting of riparian zones. We used simulation modelling to explore the relative performance of three strategies to restore the riparian zone of a pastoral stream to native forest by: (1) passive regeneration; (2) planting then abandonment of a Pinus radiata plantation; and (3) active restoration by planting selected native trees. We linked the forest model liNkNZ with a shade and temperature model (sWaioRa), and a wood model (oSu_STReaMWooD) to simulate recovery trajectories for key forest stream attributes in hypothetical streams (1.3-14.0 m channel width) in the central North island, New Zealand. both active restoration strategies outperformed passive regeneration in shade, temperature and stream wood volume for most of the simulation time (800 years). although the abandoned pine plantation provided greatest shade initially (<100 years), active native planting provided the greatest benefits overall. In general, recovery of stream shade (and temperature) is expected within decades, is accelerated by deliberate planting, and is fastest in small streams in which thermal stress from sunlight exposure is greatest. However, full recovery of stream and riparian function may take centuries, being dependent on large trees providing wood to structure the channel.

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“…A distribuição da vegetação em resposta às variações climáticas vem sendo verificada em todo o mundo (PAYETTE et al, 1985;PASTOR;POST, 1986;DYE, 1996;BONAN, 2008). Oliveira Filho et al (2005 enfatizaram que os padrões relacionados ao clima e a formações vegetais sugerem que as variáveis climáticas, principalmente a temperatura e disponibilidade de água, tiveram longa influência na evolução e especiação das espécies no Leste da América do Sul, sendo esses os principais fatores que determinam a distribuição das formações vegetais ao longo do globo terrestre.…”

Section: Discussionunclassified

Similaridade florística das florestas superomontanas no domínio Atlântico, Brasil

et al. 2014

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RESUMO -Este estudo teve como objetivos avaliar a similaridade florística do componente arbóreo de 39 remanescentes de florestas superomontanas no domínio atlântico, Brasil, e analisar a influência de variáveis geográficas e climáticas sobre os padrões observados. Foi utilizada uma matriz binária de presença e ausência das espécies arbóreas compiladas dos 39 levantamentos florísticos e fitossociológicos. Para conhecer a relação da composição florística das áreas com variáveis ambientais e espaciais, foram extraídas as coordenadas geográficas e os dados climáticos de cada área. Com o objetivo de avaliar a similaridade florística dos remanescentes, foi utilizado um dendrograma e, para determinar a influência de variáveis ambientais e espaciais sobre os padrões florísticos, foi utilizada a análise multivariada NMDS. O dendrograma e a NMDS demonstraram a formação de agrupamentos, predominantemente entre remanescentes localizados em uma mesma unidade fitogeográfica. Observou-se a existência de um gradiente ambiental ligado às condições climáticas. Em áreas com maiores valores de sazonalidade térmica, amplitude térmica anual, precipitação, latitude e longitude, ocorreram florestas superomontanas com matriz ombrófila e, em áreas com maiores valores de temperatura média, amplitude térmica diária, isotermalidade, sazonalidade da precipitação e temperatura mínima no mês mais frio, ocorreram predominantemente florestas com matriz estacional.Palavras-chave: Fitogeografia; Comparação florística; NMDS. FLORISTIC SIMILARITY OF UPPER MONTANE FORESTS IN ATLANTIC DOMAIN, BRAZIL

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Influence of climate, soil moisture, and succession on forest carbon and nitrogen cycles

Cited by 644 publications

References 49 publications

Interactions Between Individual Plant Species and Soil Nutrient Status in Shortgrass Steppe

Interactions Between Individual Plant Species and Soil Nutrient Status in Shortgrass Steppe

Modelling the time course of shade, temperature, and wood recovery in streams with riparian forest restoration

Similaridade florística das florestas superomontanas no domínio Atlântico, Brasil

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