Influence of charge shape and point of detonation of high explosive cylinders detonated on ground surface on blast-resistant design

Xiao, Weifang; Andrae, Matthias; Gebbeken, Norbert

doi:10.1016/j.ijmecsci.2020.105697

Cited by 31 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…Recently, spherical equivalence factors have been derived for a range of cylindrical charges (L D / = 0.2-5.0) by equating plate deformations using finite element analysis (Rigby et al, 2021). Cylindrical blast parameters have also been shown to be dependent on initiation location and recent studies have shown that pressure can be enhanced by up to a factor of 3.0 for centrally-detonated cylinders (Hu et al, 2018;Xiao et al, 2020aXiao et al, , 2020b. Wisotski and Snyer (1965).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It is generally accepted that differences between cylindrical and spherical blast parameters persist to a distance of Z ~4 m/kg 1/3 (Sherkar et al, 2016;Simoens and Lefebvre, 2015;Xiao et al, 2020b), however there is currently a lack of robust understanding of the early and mid stages of blast wave propagation following detonation of a non-spherical charge. This stems from a dearth of experimental data or studies of near-field blast loading, with very few studies reporting experimental results for non-spherical charges at scaled distances less than 1.24 m/kg 1/3 (Shi and Stewart, 2015).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Near-field spatial and temporal blast pressure distributions from non-spherical charges: Horizontally-aligned cylinders

Langran-Wheeler

Rigby

Clarke

et al. 2021

International Journal of Protective Structures

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Research into the characterisation of blast loading on structures following the detonation of a high explosive commonly assumes that the charge is spherical. This has the advantage of simplifying experimental, analytical and computational studies. In practice, however, designers of protective structures must often consider explosive threats which have other geometric forms, which has significant influence on the loading imparted to structures very close to the explosion source. Hitherto, there has been little definitive experimental investigation of the ‘near-field’ blast load parameters from non-spherical explosive charges and studies that have been conducted are usually confined to measurement of the total impulse imparted to a target. Currently, a detailed understanding of the development of loading on a target, necessary to fully inform the design process and appraise the efficacy of predictions from computational models, is lacking. This article, the first part of a wider investigation into these geometrical effects, details work conducted to address this deficiency. Results are presented from an experimental study of loading from detonations of cylindrical charges, set with the longitudinal axis parallel to an effectively rigid target, instrumented to facilitate the capture of the spatial and temporal evolution of the loading at different radial and angular offsets from the charge. These results are compared against loads from spherical charges and the effect of charge shape is identified. Significant differences are observed in the mechanisms and magnitude of loading from cylindrical and spherical charges, which is confirmed through the use of numerical analysis. The overall study provides insights which will assist the future design of effective protection systems.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Near-field spatial and temporal blast pressure distributions from non-spherical charges: Horizontally-aligned cylinders

Langran-Wheeler

Rigby

Clarke

et al. 2021

International Journal of Protective Structures

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“…Charge shape effects were significant, increasing both the overpressure and impulse for Z < 8 m/kg 1/3 . Xiao et al (15) performed similar work to the free air simulations reported in reference (11), comparing hemispherical charge and cylindrical charge detonations on the ground. The model results were validated using the data presented by Tancreto (14).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 95%

“…Although surface bursts are frequent in practice, most studies consider free air detonations (for example, references (6) (7) (9) (8), (11) (12)) while relatively few focus on surface bursts (13) (14) (15) (16). Guerke and Scheklinski-Gluek (13) performed tests on cylinders of RDX (D/H=0.2 and D/H=1) inclined at different angles to the ground for 0.5 m/kg 1/3 < Z < 32 m/kg 1/3 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The effect of explosive charge backing in close-proximity air-blast loading

Curry

Langdon

2021

International Journal of Impact Engineering

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“…However, in the near-field and mid-field, peak overpressure and impulse are significantly affected by charge shape and point of detonation, in comparison to those produced by a spherical charge of the same mass detonated from the centre. Through numerical analysis, Xiao et al (2020) found that for near-field explosions, neglecting the effect of the cylindrical charge shape can result in an underestimation of peak overpressure by a factor as high 6.6, and maximum impulse by a factor as high as 2.0. It was also found that the shock front generated by cylindrical charges smooths as scaled distance increases, eventually transitioning into hemispherical in the far-field.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Performance Assessment of RC Columns Under Near-Field Blast Loading Using CFD Modelling

Vidjen¹

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This study investigates the effects of various design parameters on the performance of reinforced concrete columns under near-field blast loads, specifically for scaled distances less than 0.4 m/kg 1/3 . The computational fluid dynamics analysis method in LS-DYNA is used to model the detonation process of the explosive, the propagation of the blast wave, and its interaction with the structure. The model's ability to accurately predict blast loads and simulate structural response is verified against experimental data from the literature. Using the verified model, the influence of transverse reinforcement spacing, concrete cover, axial load ratio, and column cross-section shape on the structural performance is evaluated based on several parameters including the lateral displacement, the extent of the damage zone, material stress condition, and residual axial capacity.Based on the analysis results, it is concluded that a reduction in the transverse reinforcement spacing reduces the lateral displacement and spall length, while increasing the residual axial capacity. Also, a reduction in concrete cover is found to reduce spalling but has a minimal effect on the lateral displacements. Lastly, it is shown that increasing the axial load ratio significantly reduce the lateral displacement, but past a certain point can lead to shear failure near the support.

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Influence of charge shape and point of detonation of high explosive cylinders detonated on ground surface on blast-resistant design

Cited by 31 publications

References 20 publications

Near-field spatial and temporal blast pressure distributions from non-spherical charges: Horizontally-aligned cylinders

Near-field spatial and temporal blast pressure distributions from non-spherical charges: Horizontally-aligned cylinders

The effect of explosive charge backing in close-proximity air-blast loading

Performance Assessment of RC Columns Under Near-Field Blast Loading Using CFD Modelling

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