Influence of cations on the partition behavior of perfluoroheptanoate (PFHpA) and perfluorohexanesulfonate (PFHxS) on wastewater sludge

Sorption of Fluorotelomer Sulfonates, Fluorotelomer Sulfonamido Betaines, and a Fluorotelomer Sulfonamido Amine in National Foam Aqueous Film-Forming Foam to Soil

“…Log transformations of both K d and organic carbon did not improve correlations (Table S13). At the lowest levels of organic carbon (0.098–0.12%), the K d ( C w i = 110 nM) values for the 6:2 and 8:2 FtS are similar in magnitude to those for the soils with higher organic carbon (1.0–2.3%), which indicates that the mineral phase in the low-organic-carbon soils (Soils 2 and 6) influences sorption. , The nonpolar fluorinated tail of the anionic FtSs may interact with the hydrophobic (nonpolar) nanosites − between the charged sites on the mineral surface via weak hydrophobic interactions. − , …”

“…14,17 The nonpolar fluorinated tail of the anionic FtSs may interact with the hydrophobic (nonpolar) nanosites 51−54 between the charged sites on the mineral surface 55 via weak hydrophobic interactions. [14][15][16]56 The lack of a correlation in FtS sorption may be due to variations in the extent of organic matter decomposition of the soils tested. The relationship between C and N in soil organic matter and oxygen-containing functional groups is based on the following two premises: (a) the majority of terrestrial organic matter is decomposed by oxidative depolymerization, 57 which adds oxygen-containing functional groups to oxidized compounds, 58 and (b) oxidative depolymerization of faunal debris (C/N > 25) is carried out by microbiota (C/N = 6−10), in which "fresh" organic debris with a large C/N ratio (i.e., 30) are slowly converted into an amorphous heterogeneous organic phase (humic substances) with a small C/N ratio (i.e., 12).…”

Per- and Polyfluoroalkyl Substances Presence, Pathways, and Cycling through Drinking Water and Wastewater Treatment

“…Organic characteristics of solids were demonstrated to be crucial to the sorption of PFAS (Wang et al 2015a). The authors determined that an activated sludge with a higher content of biological organics had greater affinity than primary treatment solids for PFAS.…”

Endocrine Disruptor Potential of Short- and Long-Chain Perfluoroalkyl Substances (PFASs)—A Synthesis of Current Knowledge with Proposal of Molecular Mechanism

“…Among replacements of long-chain PFASs used currently by the industry, there are short-chain PFASs (C4-C6), including perfluorohexane acid (PFHxA) or perfluorobutane sulfonic acid (PFBS). Some reports have indicated a higher environmental mobility of short-chain PFASs, compared to their long-chain equivalents [21]. It has been revealed that biochemical PFHxS half-life in the human blood (young females) is longer than that of PFOS [22,23].…”