Influence of castration-induced testosterone and estradiol deficiency on obesity and glucose metabolism in male Göttingen minipigs

Christoffersen, Berit Oestergaard; Gade, Laust Peter; Golozoubova, Valeria; Svendsen, Ove; Raun, Kirsten

doi:10.1016/j.steroids.2010.04.004

Cited by 42 publications

(35 citation statements)

References 48 publications

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“…Male pigs are characterized by high testicular secretion of steroid hormones. Castration-induced sex hormone defi ciency in male pigs leads to changed hormonal patterns and increased body fat percentage [ 10 ] , which are similar to what were found in men with hypogonadism [ 1 -6 ] .…”

Section: Infl Uence Of Castration-induced Sex Hormone Defi Ciency On supporting

confidence: 52%

Influence of Castration-induced Sex Hormone Deficiency on Serum Lipid Levels and the Genes Expression in Male Pigs

Yao

Cai²,

Zhao³

et al. 2011

Horm Metab Res

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It has been known that the changes in gonadal steroids are closely associated with adipose tissue metabolism. Domestic pigs have been a well-recognized experimental animal in biomedical research because of their similarity to humans in body size and other physiological/anatomical features. The aims of this study were to investigate the influence of castration-induced sex hormone deficiency on serum lipid levels and the genes expression of key enzymes associated with lipogenic and lipolytic processes in male pigs. The experimental animals consisted of 2 groups slaughtered on 147th and 210th day, respectively. In each of the group, 7 full-sib pairs of castrated and intact male hybrids from Yorkshire dams sired by Landrace were contained. The results showed that castration of male pigs led to increased total cholesterol, triglyceride, high density lipoprotein, low density lipoprotein, and leptin levels in serum (p<0.05). No differences in levels of the free fatty acid, insulin, and glucose were observed between boars and barrows (p>0.05). Castration caused upregulation of fatty acid synthase and acetyl-CoA carboxylase alpha genes expression at both 147 and 210 days of age (p<0.05). No differences in expression of hormone sensitive lipase and adipose tissue triglyceride lipase genes were observed between boars and barrows at either 147 or 210 days of age (p>0.05). It is speculated that higher body fat deposition in castrated male pigs might have resulted mainly from increased transcription of the lipogenic genes, but not from decreased transcription of the lipolytic genes.

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Section: Infl Uence Of Castration-induced Sex Hormone Defi Ciency On supporting

confidence: 52%

Influence of Castration-induced Sex Hormone Deficiency on Serum Lipid Levels and the Genes Expression in Male Pigs

Yao

Cai²,

Zhao³

et al. 2011

Horm Metab Res

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show abstract

“…Since brain lipid peroxidation and brain mitochondrial function have been shown to play an important role in brain insulin sensitivity (Muriach et al 2014;Pipatpiboon et al 2013), the possible explanation of no alteration of brain insulin sensitivity and brain mitochondrial function in these rats could be due to the fact that the level of brain mitochondrial ROS production and brain lipid peroxidation in these testosterone-deprived rats was not sufficiently high to reach the critical threshold in order to cause brain mitochondrial dysfunction, thus no impaired brain insulin sensitivity was observed in these rats (Aon et al 2006;Cortassa et al 2004). Previous studies demonstrated that testosterone deficiency is associated with the impairment of insulin sensitivity (Christoffersen et al 2010;Georgiev et al 2011). Orchiectomized rats in that study had significant weight gain.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 82%

“…Previous studies demonstrated that testosterone plays an important role in metabolic activities, including the regulation of glucose and lipid metabolism (Aydilek and Aksakal 2005;Christoffersen et al 2010). Growing evidence has demonstrated that testosterone deficiency is associated with an increased incidence of obesity (Shi et al 2013;Stellato et al 2000).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Testosterone replacement attenuates cognitive decline in testosterone-deprived lean rats, but not in obese rats, by mitigating brain oxidative stress

Pintana

Pongkan

Pratchayasakul

et al. 2015

AGE

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Testosterone replacement improves metabolic parameters and cognitive function in hypogonadism. However, the effects of testosterone therapy on cognition in obese condition with testosterone deprivation have not been investigated. We hypothesized that testosterone replacement improves cognitive function in testosterone-deprived obese rats by restoring brain insulin sensitivity, brain mitochondrial function, and hippocampal synaptic plasticity. Thirty male Wistar rats had either a bilateral orchiectomy (ORX: O, n = 24) or a sham operation (S, n = 6). ORX rats were further divided into two groups fed with either a normal diet (NDO) or a high-fat diet (HFO) for 12 weeks. Then, ORX rats in each dietary group were divided into two subgroups (n = 6/subgroup) and were given either castor oil or testosterone (2 mg/kg/day, s.c.) for 4 weeks. At the end of this protocol, cognitive function, metabolic parameters, brain insulin sensitivity, hippocampal synaptic plasticity, and brain mitochondrial function were determined. We found that testosterone replacement increased peripheral insulin sensitivity, decreased circulation and brain oxidative stress levels, and attenuated brain mitochondrial ROS production in HFO rats. However, testosterone failed to restore hippocampal synaptic plasticity and cognitive function in HFO rats. In contrast, in NDO rats, testosterone decreased circulation and brain oxidative stress levels, attenuated brain mitochondrial ROS production, and restored hippocampal synaptic plasticity as well as cognitive function. These findings suggest that testosterone replacement improved peripheral insulin sensitivity and decreased oxidative stress levels, but failed to restore hippocampal synaptic plasticity and cognitive function in testosterone-deprived obese rats. However, it provided beneficial effects in reversing cognitive impairment in testosterone-deprived non-obese rats.

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“…In Göttingen minipigs, females are more prone to obesity compared to males [164,165]. Higher plasma testosterone and estradiol levels in male Göttingen minipigs are probably responsible for this protective effect [166].…”

Section: Dietary Interventionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparative aspects of rodent and nonrodent animal models for mechanistic and translational diabetes research

Renner

Dobenecker²,

Blutke³

et al. 2016

Theriogenology

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Influence of castration-induced testosterone and estradiol deficiency on obesity and glucose metabolism in male Göttingen minipigs

Cited by 42 publications

References 48 publications

Influence of Castration-induced Sex Hormone Deficiency on Serum Lipid Levels and the Genes Expression in Male Pigs

Influence of Castration-induced Sex Hormone Deficiency on Serum Lipid Levels and the Genes Expression in Male Pigs

Testosterone replacement attenuates cognitive decline in testosterone-deprived lean rats, but not in obese rats, by mitigating brain oxidative stress

Comparative aspects of rodent and nonrodent animal models for mechanistic and translational diabetes research

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