Influence of Carbon Nanosheets on the Behavior of 1,2-Dipalmitoyl-sn-glycerol-3-phosphocholine Langmuir Monolayers

Abstract

Carbon nanomaterials are widespread in the atmospheric aerosol as a result of the combustion processes and their extensive industrial use. This has raised many question about the potential toxicity associated with the inhalation of such nanoparticles, and its incorporation into the lung surfactant layer. In order to shed light on the main physical bases underlying the incorporation of carbon nanomaterials into lung surfactant layers, this work has studied the interaction at the water/vapor interface of carbon nanosheets (CN) with Langmuir monolayers of 1,2-Dipalmitoyl-sn-glycerol-3-phosphocholine (DPPC), with this lipid being the main component of lung surfactant layers and responsible of some of the most relevant features of such film. The incorporation of CN into DPPC Langmuir monolayers modifies the lateral organization of the DPPC at the interface, which is explained on the basis of two different effects: (i) particles occupy part of the interfacial area, and (ii) impoverishment of the lipid composition of the interface due to lipid adsorption onto the CN surface. This results in a worsening of the mechanical performance of the monolayers which may present a negative impact in the physiological performance of lung surfactant. It would be expected that the results obtained here can be useful as a step toward the understanding of the most fundamental physico-chemical bases associated with the effect of inhaled particles in the respiratory cycle.

Proinflammatory Effect of Carbon-Based Nanomaterials: In Vitro Study on Stimulation of Inflammasome NLRP3 via Destabilisation of Lysosomes

“…At the tissue and cellular levels, the mechanisms responsible for inflammation are based on disruption of various barriers (e.g., alveolar-capillary barrier, blood-brain barrier), infiltration of immune cells and their interaction with molecules released from injured cells (disease associated molecular patterns) or with nanoparticles themselves [47]. A recent study demonstrating destabilisation of phospholipid membranes by carbon nanosheets was published recently by [48].…”

Interaction of Particles with Langmuir Monolayers of 1,2-Dipalmitoyl-Sn-Glycero-3-Phosphocholine: A Matter of Chemistry?

“…Thus, the incorporation of CB particles in concentrations above a threshold value of x p leads to their stacking onto the preformed mixed monolayer, which may result in the formation of out-of-plane structures, such as wrinkles, folds, or buckles. This leads to a situation in which the effective concentration of particles at the interface is lower than that expected from the complete spreading of the particles within the area available, and, as matter of fact, to a reduction of the importance of the excluded area effects with the increase of x p [56][57][58][59]. The differences in the behavior of the DPPC monolayers upon the incorporation of SiO 2 and CB particles are explained considering the different chemical nature of the particles.…”

“…For this purpose, the influence of particles in the response of the DPPC to dilational deformations has been studied using the oscillatory barrier method at a fixed deformation amplitude within the linear response regime (1% of the initial area). These studies inform the modification of the relaxation mechanisms involved in the re-equilibration of the lipid layer as a result of the incorporation of particles [45,59]. For this purpose, the analysis of the frequency (ν) dependences of the viscoelastic modulus (|E|) for the pure DPPC monolayers and upon the incorporation of the particles is performed.…”

Optimizing the Properties of Hybrids Based on Graphene Oxide for Carbon Dioxide Capture

“…Interlayer spacing d 002 , values were obtained by Bragg’s law for (002) reflection. The grain size ( C ) was calculated from the (100) reflection, using the equation of Scherrer: 39 C = 0.9 λ/(β cos θ), where β is the half weight width (in radians) and θ is the diffraction angle.…”