Influence of Calcium on Sodium and Potassium Absorption by Fresh and Aged Bean Stem Slices

Rains, D. W.; Floyd, Robert A.

doi:10.1104/pp.46.1.93

Cited by 23 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 39 publications

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“…Chloramphenicol at bacteriostatic concentrations has no effect on the washing response or on uptake. Actinomycin D, cycloheximide, and 6-methylpurine strongly inhibited the development of increased absorption rates, which is in agreement with previous investigations (7,15,25), and which supports the general supposition that RNA 15 ,ug/ml; 6-methylpurine, 0.5 mM; and cycloheximide, 10 ueg/ml. and protein synthesis underlie the development of the washing response.…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 80%

“…The apparent Km values do not change significantly with washing. This result is like that of Liittge and Laties (15) for corn roots, but is unlike that obtained with some other vegetative tissues (7,8,20,24,25). In corn roots the enhancement of accumulation rate must lie not with the formation of different and more efficient transport agents (or carriers), but rather with a greater quantity or a greater turnover of existing agents.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 49%

“…Although the physical act of washing may be the inducer of the response, the development of increased rates of absorption is dependent on aerobic metabolism. As with pea epicotyl (20), but not with bean stem (25) and corn stele (5), there was no increase in respiration rate. This result has been repeatedly confirmed; it is of major importance, since the increased phosphate absorption cannot be attributed to increased respiratory metabolism.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 95%

“…The induction was temperature dependent and sensitive to metabolic inhibitors and could not be explained by changes in efflux rates of either K+ or Na+. More recently, Rains and Floyd (25) reported that Ca2" promoted the washing response and gave an increase in respiration rate. Cycloheximide inhibited the washing response.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Induction and Development of Increased Ion Absorption in Corn Root Tissue

Leonard

Hanson

1972

Plant Physiol.

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Washing excised or intact primary roots of corn (Zea mays L., WF9 X M14) in aerated distilled water or dilute salt solutions for 2 hours induced doubling of the rate of accumulation of various nutrient ions and solutes. This response to washing depended upon aerobic metabolism, but involved no increase in aerobic respiration. Excision of root tissue was not required as the effect could be obtained with intact root systems. Increased phosphate absorption followed afer a lag period of 30 to 40 minutes and continued for 6 hours before leveling off at about 3.5 times the initial rate. Chloramphenicol was not inhibitory to the development of increased absorption, while inhibitors of RNA and protein synthesis were. Auxins and kinetin were also inhibitory, but so was the antiauxin, 2,4,6-trichlorophenoxyacetic acid. Rains (24) showed that washing bean segments induced a high affinity potassium-absorbing mechanism; concurrently sodium absorption rates declined. The induction was temperature dependent and sensitive to metabolic inhibitors and could not be explained by changes in efflux rates of either K+ or Na+. More recently, Rains and Floyd (25) reported that Ca2" promoted the washing response and gave an increase in respiration rate. Cycloheximide inhibited the washing response.Sacher (26) observed an increase in the rate of orotic acid, glucose, and phenylalanine uptake by bean endocarp tissue pretreated in water for 18 to 25 hr. A synthetic auxin, a-naphthalene acetic acid, largely prevented the increase. Auxin inhibition of the washing response has also been observed with 2, 4-D by Palmer and Blackman (19). However, 2,4,6-T,3 which has little auxin activity, was also inhibitory to the enhancement of salt absorption during washing (18).Macklon and Higinbotham (16) (5) were able to show that washing for 24 hr induced a 10-fold increase in chloride uptake by stele and cortex of corn roots grown under nonsterile conditions. Under sterile conditions the increase was only 2-to 3-fold: hence,

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 80%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 49%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 95%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Induction and Development of Increased Ion Absorption in Corn Root Tissue

Leonard

Hanson

1972

Plant Physiol.

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“…Most other higher plant systems show stimulatory effects of calcium on potassium uptake and especially retention, although there are some exceptions reported for excised roots (Hiatt 1970), stems (Rains and Floyd 1970), and leaves (Osmond 1968). Figure 14 does indicate that as external potassium concentration increases, the inhibitory effect of calcium is reduced, suggesting that potassium and calcium are competing in some way.…”

Section: Disoussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Aspects of Potassium Accumulation by Stomata of Vicla Faba

Fischer¹

1972

Aust. Jnl. Of Bio. Sci.

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Potassium accumulation by guard cells during the light opening of V. Jaba stomata in epidermal strips was determined quantitatively with 42K and 86Rb tracers. The sodium cobaltinitrite stain for potassium was also used. Particular attention was paid to errors arising from the presence of intact epidermal cells.When epidermal strips obtained from darkened leaves were floated on potassium chloride solution (usually 10 mM) in light plus C02-free air, guard cell potassium content and stomatal aperture increased in parallel, both approaching a maximum after about 300 min. Flux measurement suggested that the steady maximum potassium content (and aperture) arises because of a decline in the initially high potassium influx. With opening of stomata in the light, external calcium reduced in a parallel manner both opening and potassium uptake at potassium concentrations ranging from nearly zero to 50 mM. Also, maximum stomatal opening and potassium accumulation in the presence or absence of calcium bore linear relationships to log external potassium concentration. These results are discussed in relation to potassium accumulation in other plant systems.In experiments with epidermal strips, guard cell potassium content showed a consistent linear relationship to stomatal aperture. For 16 experiments spanning two years and many treatments affecting aperture, the mean slope of this relationship was 2·6 nmoles cm-2 p.m-l. This is equivalent to a change in potassium concentration of 40 mM p.m-l. The increase in guard cell osmotic pressure attributable to potassium plus anion accumulation is estimated to be 1·5 bars p.m-l, which is a major portion of the observed increase in osmotic pressure with opening (2, 0 bars p.m-l).

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Langstreckentransport von Natrium in Bohnenpflanzen

Marschner¹,

Ossenberg‐Neuhaus²

1976

J Plant Nutrition & Soil

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Long distance transport of sodium in bean plants In 8–10 days old bean plants Na+ (22Na) has been applied to either a certain root zone, the stem, or the base and tip respectively of a primary leaf and the long distance transport of Na+ was studied in the following 12–48 h. The long distance transport of Na+ applied to the root zone 9–12 cm behind the tip was strongly restricted towards the shoot and hardly detectable towards the root tip (phloem transport). Presence of K+ in the surrounding solution strongly increased the Na+ efflux from the roots. After leaf application within 48 h 30–40% of the absorbed Na+ had been translocated out of the leaf in direction of the root where, from the basal root zones, intensive Na+ efflux took place. This Na+ efflux was hardly affected by presence of K+ in the external medium and was usually more than 10% of the Na+ taken up by the leaves. From the Na+ taken up by the hypocotyl within 12 h more than 25% had been released from the basal root zones into the nutrient solution. Less than 1% of the Na+ applied either to the leaf or the stem was translocated towards the shoot apex. Separation of the hypocotyl into cortex and stele at the end of the experiment demonstrated the high capacity of the stele for Na+ accumulation. Within the hypocotyl the transfer of Na+ from the stele to the cortex and the phloem seems to be a rapid process whereas the release of Na+ from the phloem into the stele is obviously very restricted. The long distance transport of Na+ within the phloem of the shoot is strictly basipetal and very efficient. Low Na+ contents of bean leaves are therefore the result of several regulating mechanisms: K+ stimulated Na+ efflux in the roots, restricted long distance transport in the xylem due to high Na+ accumulation in the stele, Na+ pumps at the phloem in stem and leaves for phloem loading of Na+, and finally strictly basipetal retranslocation of Na+ in the phloem into the roots and efflux into the solution from basal root zones.

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Influence of Calcium on Sodium and Potassium Absorption by Fresh and Aged Bean Stem Slices

Cited by 23 publications

References 39 publications

Induction and Development of Increased Ion Absorption in Corn Root Tissue

Induction and Development of Increased Ion Absorption in Corn Root Tissue

Aspects of Potassium Accumulation by Stomata of Vicla Faba

Langstreckentransport von Natrium in Bohnenpflanzen

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