Influence of calcium on blue-light-induced chloroplast movement in Lemna trisulca L.

Tlalka, M.; Gabryś, Halina

doi:10.1007/bf00198211

Cited by 69 publications

(53 citation statements)

References 46 publications

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“…The outcomes of these experiments suggest that the actin-and/or tubulin-based cytoskeleton and their motor proteins play crucial roles in the positioning and movement of organelles. It also is likely that chloroplast positioning and movement involve the actin-based cytoskeleton but not the tubulin-based cytoskeleton (Kadota and Wada, 1992;Tlalka and Gabrys, 1993;Kandasamy and Meagher, 1999). Myosin has been proposed to be a motor protein for chloroplast movement based on inhibitor experiments using the fern Adiantum (Kadota and Wada, 1992;Sato et al, 1999) and is the best candidate for the motor protein driving chloroplast movement in Arabidopsis cells.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

CHLOROPLAST UNUSUAL POSITIONING1 Is Essential for Proper Chloroplast Positioning

et al. 2003

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

CHLOROPLAST UNUSUAL POSITIONING1 Is Essential for Proper Chloroplast Positioning

et al. 2003

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“…Chloroplast movement requires photoperception by the phototropin family of photoreceptors and use of the actin cytoskeleton for movement (Tlalka and Gabrý s, 1993;Sakai et al, 2001). The pmi2 mutant was examined for secondary phenotypes that could result from defects in light signaling or the actin cytoskeleton.…”

Section: Chloroplast Movements In Pmi2 Leavesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In Lemna triscula, the actin-depolymerizing agent cytochalasin B eliminated chloroplast movement, whereas microtubule-depolymerizing drugs had no impact on movement (Tlalka and Gabrý s, 1993). In Arabidopsis mesophyll cells, actin is associated with the outer chloroplast envelope and forms a network of thick and thin filaments, which, when disrupted by lantrunculin B, resulted in abnormal chloroplast aggregation (Kandasamy and Meagher, 1999).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Plastid Movement Impaired 2, a New Gene Involved in Normal Blue-Light-Induced Chloroplast Movements in Arabidopsis

2006

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Chloroplasts move in a light-dependent manner that can modulate the photosynthetic potential of plant cells. Identification of genes required for light-induced chloroplast movement is beginning to define the molecular machinery that controls these movements. In this work, we describe plastid movement impaired 2 (pmi2), a mutant in Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana) that displays attenuated chloroplast movements under intermediate and high light intensities while maintaining a normal movement response under low light intensities. In wild-type plants, fluence rates below 20 mmol m 22 s 21 of blue light lead to chloroplast accumulation on the periclinal cell walls, whereas light intensities over 20 mmol m 22 s 21 caused chloroplasts to move toward the anticlinal cell walls (avoidance response). However, at light intensities below 75 mmol m 22 s 21 , chloroplasts in pmi2 leaves move to the periclinal walls; 100 mmol m 22 s 21 of blue light is required for chloroplasts in pmi2 to move to the anticlinal cell walls, indicating a shift in the light threshold for the avoidance response in the mutant. The pmi2 mutation has been mapped to a gene that encodes a protein of unknown function with a large coiled-coil domain in the N terminus and a putative P loop. PMI2 shares sequence and structural similarity with PMI15, another unknown protein in Arabidopsis that, when mutated, causes a defect in chloroplast avoidance under high-light intensities.

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“…In the case of phototropism, blue light-induced lateral transport of auxin leading to differential growth of the illuminated and shaded sides of the organ generally is believed to be the downstream basis of phototropic curvature (Iino, 2001). Cytoskeletal elements are involved in both chloroplast relocation responses (Kadota and Wada, 1992;Tlalka and Gabrys, 1993;Sato et al, 2001) and stomatal opening (Hwang et al, 1997). All three of these responses to blue light almost certainly involve the plasma membrane.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cellular and Subcellular Localization of Phototropin 1

2002

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Phototropin 1 (phot1) is a Ser/Thr photoreceptor kinase that binds two molecules of flavin mononucleotide as its chromophores and undergoes autophosphorylation in response to blue light. Phot1 is plasma membrane associated and, as with phot2, has been shown to function as a photoreceptor for phototropism, blue light-induced chloroplast movement, and blue light-induced stomatal opening. Phot1 likely also plays a redundant role with phot2 in regulating the rate of leaf expansion. Understanding the mechanism(s) by which phot1 initiates these four different responses requires, at minimum, knowledge of where the photoreceptor is located. Therefore, we transformed a phot1 null mutant of Arabidopsis with a construct encoding translationally fused phot1-green fluorescent protein (GFP) under the control of the endogenous PHOT1 promoter and investigated its cellular and subcellular distribution. This PHOT1-GFP construct complements the mutant phenotype, restoring second positive curvature. Phot1 is expressed strongly in dividing and elongating cortical cells in the apical hook and in the root elongation zone in etiolated seedlings. It is localized evenly to the plasma membrane region in epidermal cells but is confined largely to the plasma membrane region of the transverse cell walls in the cortical cells of both root and hypocotyl. It is found at both apical and basal ends of these cortical cells. In light-grown plants, phot1-GFP is localized largely in the plasma membrane regions adjacent to apical and basal cell end walls in the elongating inflorescence stem, where the photoreceptor is expressed strongly in the vascular parenchyma and leaf vein parenchyma. Phot1 also is localized to the plasma membrane region of leaf epidermal cells, mesophyll cells, and guard cells, where its distribution is uniform. Although phot1 is localized consistently to the plasma membrane region in etiolated seedlings, a fraction becomes released to the cytoplasm in response to blue light. Possible relationships between observed phot1 distribution and the various physiological responses activated by blue light are discussed.

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Influence of calcium on blue-light-induced chloroplast movement in Lemna trisulca L.

Cited by 69 publications

References 46 publications

CHLOROPLAST UNUSUAL POSITIONING1 Is Essential for Proper Chloroplast Positioning

CHLOROPLAST UNUSUAL POSITIONING1 Is Essential for Proper Chloroplast Positioning

Plastid Movement Impaired 2, a New Gene Involved in Normal Blue-Light-Induced Chloroplast Movements in Arabidopsis

Cellular and Subcellular Localization of Phototropin 1

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