Influence of CAD/CAM fabrication on denture surface properties

Abstract

Three main properties are responsible for the microbial attractiveness of denture surfaces: roughness, hydrophilicity and free surface energy. This study investigated whether CAD/CAM-fabricated dentures are more favourable for these surface properties than conventionally fabricated dentures. The mucosal surface roughness of 54 standardised study dentures was measured using contact profilometry. The surface hydrophilicity and free surface energy of 70 standardised denture resin specimens were determined by contact angle measurements. Both experimental settings compared AvaDent (AD), Baltic Denture System (BDS), Vita VIONIC (VV), Whole You Nexteeth (WN) and Wieland Digital Dentures (WDD) surfaces with conventionally manufactured denture surfaces (control group). These data were analysed using ANOVA together with Tukey's test or the Games-Howell post hoc test. All CAD/CAM dentures had lower mean surface roughness values than conventional dentures. For AD, VV, WN and WDD, the differences were statistically significant. Vita VIONIC (P < .001), coated WN (P < .001), AD (P = .023) and BDS specimens (P = .027) were significantly more hydrophilic than the control group. All measured surface energies were of similar magnitude (mean values between 31.82 and 33.68 mJ/m ), and only coated WN specimens had a significantly increased mean value (66.62 mJ/m , P < .001). Although most CAD/CAM dentures have smoother and more hydrophilic surfaces than conventional dentures, there is no difference in their free surface energy, except for coated dentures.

A Comparison of the Surface Properties of CAD/CAM and Conventional Polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA)

“…Likewise, enhanced surface characteristics of CAD/CAM PMMA might be attributed to the unique manufacturing process of these materials; reduced levels of residual monomers as well as the polymerization method involved in PMMA manufacturing were previously reported to contribute to surface roughness alteration . The results of this study support Murat et al's results of lower R a values for the CAD/CAM PMMA group using a contact type profilometer and the results of Steinmassl et al, who tested different complete dentures of variable CAD/CAM PMMA brands and compared them to conventional dentures and reported significant lower roughness values for the CAD/CAM groups.…”

“…On the other hand, Steinmassl et al reported that CAD/CAM PMMA specimens were significantly more hydrophilic than their heat‐polymerized PMMA counterparts. The increased values of contact angles among the CAD/CAM PMMA groups might be attributed to inherent characteristic features of their surfaces.…”

Assessing the Accuracy of Casting and Additive Manufacturing Techniques for Fabrication of a Complete Palatal Coverage Metal Framework

“…Brudvick and Reimers reported values ranging from 0.041 to 0.410 mm of metal loss due to common finishing techniques for RPD frameworks . Recent investigations of CAD/CAM complete dentures give conflicting results comparing the intaglio surface roughness of milled versus conventional dentures . A review of the fixed literature shows that there are differing conclusions concerning surface roughness and plaque accumulation.…”

“…19 Recent investigations of CAD/CAM complete dentures give conflicting results comparing the intaglio surface roughness of milled versus conventional dentures. 20,21 A review of the fixed literature shows that there are differing conclusions concerning surface roughness and plaque accumulation. In a study by Clayton and Green regarding pontic material and surface roughness, a statistically significant difference in roughness did not correlate to a biologic difference in plaque formation and retention.…”

CAD-CAM en prótesis total. Reporte de caso

“…En la fabricación de bloques de polimetilmetacrilato producidos por estandarización industrial se indica que estos acrílicos tienen las siguientes ventajas sobre cualquier tipo de polímero ( Son polímeros de acrilato reticulado con relleno microscópico altamente molecular, sin bras, homogéneos y más estables. Adicionalmente, se ha podido trabajar con la inclusión de sustancias antibacterianas dentro del disco como el caso del Temp-Premium Antiba® (Zirkon Zahn), que contiene antibacterianos (7).…”