Influence of bryophytes and microrelief conditions on <i>Picea abies</i> seed regeneration patterns in boreal old-growth swamp forests

Hörnberg, Greger; Ohlson, Mikael; Zackrisson, Olle

doi:10.1139/x97-045

Cited by 130 publications

(96 citation statements)

References 44 publications

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“…Hörnberg et al [4] observed "smothering" of germinating seeds by bryophytes. This was not observed in our study in which the seeds were perched on the surface of the moss and the radical appeared to have easily penetrated the moss mat.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…An important aspect of a microsite, especially in wetlands, is microtopographic relief. In wetlands microsites with slight differences in elevation (centimeters) may differ in flooding duration, moisture retention, and availability, substrate composition and a host of other factors [4,5]. Thus, minor differences in elevation in a swamp may have a powerful effect on germination and survival due to differences in inundation period and moisture availability.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Bryophyte effects on germination and establishment are species specific for the bryophyte and the vascular plant [4,14,20,26]. For example, effects of bryophytes may be related to their turf structure with a thick moss cover affecting seed germination negatively and a thin moss cover promoting germination [4,14,27].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…For example, effects of bryophytes may be related to their turf structure with a thick moss cover affecting seed germination negatively and a thin moss cover promoting germination [4,14,27]. A moss mat may have a negative effect on germination and a positive effect on seedling survival [4,15,28,29]. The effect of bryophytes on germination and seedling survival may differ between years depending on weather conditions [11].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Moss and Soil Substrates Interact with Moisture Level to Influence Germination by Three Wetland Tree Species

et al. 2012

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To assess germination success in different microsites of a forested wetland environment, seeds of three common western New York wetland tree species, Acer x freemanii, Fraxinus pennsylvanica, and Ulmus americana, were sown into flats in the greenhouse with three substrates (mosses Hypnum imponens or Thuidium delicatulum or bare soil) and three hydrological conditions (wet, moist, or dry) in a factorial design. For the three species both treatment regimes and the interaction were highly significant, except for Acer, in which the substrate regime was not significant. Fraxinus germination had the highest tolerance for wet conditions and lowest for dry conditions followed by Acer and then Ulmus. Significant interactions showed that the effect of hydrological regime on germination is influenced by substrate type. Moss decreased germination under drier conditions and increased germination under wet conditions by lifting the seeds away from the soil and creating drier conditions than on bare soil. It is also possible that interspecific competition for moisture played a role in decreasing germination under dry conditions. By influencing the regeneration niche for three major tree species of swamps in the northeastern United States, the bryophyte layer plays an important role in determining community composition.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Moss and Soil Substrates Interact with Moisture Level to Influence Germination by Three Wetland Tree Species

et al. 2012

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“…Rather, regeneration occurrence can also be controlled by more temporarily stable factors such as seedbed features (Christy, Mack 1984;Caccia, Ballaré 1998;Simard et al 1998), competition of forest floor vegetation (Jaworski 1973;Maguire, Forman 1983;Burschel et al 1985;Shelton 1995), understory (Beckage et al 2000, post-dispersal seed predation (Schreiner et al 2000), or microtopography (Hörnberg et al 1997;Holeksa 1998;Collins, Bataglia 2002). Therefore, young trees do not always occur in the forest patches that actually give the best opportunity for growth up into the canopy.…”

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confidence: 99%

Factors controlling the regeneration process in unevenly aged silver fir forests: inferences from the spatial pattern of trees

Paluch¹

2006

J. For. Sci.

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ABSTRACT:The main objective of this study was to prove the relationship between the spatial pattern of trees and distribution of advanced regeneration in structured Abies alba Mill. forests in the Western Carpathians (of southern Poland). In 13 sample plots (0.45-1.00 ha in size), the locations of all live trees above 15 cm in d 1.3 and all stumps of canopy trees (above 50 cm in d 1.3 ) were determined. In addition, in all plots the coordinates of all live and dead polestage trees (5-15 cm in d 1.3 ), in seven plots the coordinates of all live and dead younger saplings (0.5-1.3 m in height), and in eight plots the coordinates of all live and dead older saplings (above 1.3 m in height and below 5 cm in d 1.3 ) were registered. The univariate and bivariate Ripley's K-function was applied to test spatial independence of the patterns of trees representing different size categories. In each of the stands, younger and older saplings and pole-stage trees showed an aggregated pattern. The strongest attraction between trees of these size categories was detected at the scale 6, 5 and 10 m, respectively. At the scale below 10 m, a positive spatial correlation was frequently found between large firs and pole-stage trees and saplings. A spatial repulsion between advanced fir regeneration and trees of the middle stand layer was negligible or observable only in a relatively large scale above 15 m. The patterns of saplings and trees of the lower stand layer appeared to be spatially independent in most of the stands being studied. These results suggest that in unevenly aged fir forests, a stable mechanism is generating the aggregated patterns of regeneration functions and the factors involved are spatially linked with the distribution of large firs. Therefore, a hypothesis is advanced that the spatial pattern of regeneration in such forests is controlled by edaphic factors -in particular, the humus form -and that light conditions play only a secondary role.

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Trophic interactions and feedbacks maintain intact and degraded states of Hawaiian tropical forests

2022

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Feedbacks within ecosystems can lead to internal reinforcement of the current state providing ecosystem resilience. Often, multiple biotic interactions across trophic levels play a role in such feedbacks, yet these are generally studied independently, obscuring the relative importance of interactions among different factors. We look at various potential feedbacks in intact and degraded mesic forests on Hawaiʻi Island where managers have planted native Acacia koa (koa) trees in an attempt to jumpstart succession in former cattle pastures. These restoration forests, however, have not undergone secondary succession, instead maintaining a koa overstory with an exotic pasture grass understory. We contrasted different trophic level processes that influence the capacity for natural understory regeneration: feedbacks between bird-mediated seed rain and fruiting understory ("top-down"), as well as links between understory composition and microhabitats for native seed germination ("bottom-up"). We quantified bird-mediated seed rain under canopy trees along transects spanning intact, fragmented, and restoration forests. Along these transects, we established plots around focal overstory trees to measure abundance of fruiting understory species, ground cover (e.g., exotic grass, bryophyte), and obtained estimates of bird density to evaluate the contribution of each of these factors to seedling abundance. We also used a factorial seed addition/grass removal experiment to directly compare the influence of seed rain and germination substrate. We found evidence of both top-down and bottom-up feedbacks that reinforced the current state of each forest type. In the intact and fragmented forests, the combination of comparatively high seed rain and ample germination substrate is likely critical for maintaining a diverse forest system. In contrast, exotic grasses exhibit priority effects in restoration forests, inhibiting seed germination and effectively negating any benefits that could be derived from bird-mediated seed rain. Such internal reinforcement suggests that active, rather than passive, restoration would be beneficial to increase forest diversity in restoration areas.

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Influence of bryophytes and microrelief conditions on Picea abies seed regeneration patterns in boreal old-growth swamp forests

Cited by 130 publications

References 44 publications

Moss and Soil Substrates Interact with Moisture Level to Influence Germination by Three Wetland Tree Species

Moss and Soil Substrates Interact with Moisture Level to Influence Germination by Three Wetland Tree Species

Factors controlling the regeneration process in unevenly aged silver fir forests: inferences from the spatial pattern of trees

Trophic interactions and feedbacks maintain intact and degraded states of Hawaiian tropical forests

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