Influence of Braiding Angle on Multiple Impact Damages of 3-D Braided Composite along Longitudinal Direction

Gao, Xingzhong; Siddique, Amna; Sun, Bin; Gu, Bohong

doi:10.1007/s10443-019-09779-1

Cited by 10 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 36 publications

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“…Within the preforms with length of 20 mm, there are two obvious direction-turning points for 3ⅹ9 preform, two minor direction-turning points for 3ⅹ13 preform and no direction-turning point for 3ⅹ17 preform. The stress transmission in braided yarns is interrupted at the direction-turning points, 23 this leads to the arise in stress on braided yarns before and around the direction-turning point. The local stress distribution in yarns can accelerates its damage and failure process.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…15 Braided composite possesses a very special structure in which all the yarns interact with each other. The interlaced braided structure can effectively block the cracks 23,24 and makes stress distribution as well as damage evolution around the open holes. 25 The stress concentration around the open holes results in the damage modes of composites different from the unperforated composites.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Flexural performance of three-dimensional braided open-hole composite with different hole diameter and preform size

Gao

Wen

Siddique

et al. 2022

Journal of Industrial Textiles

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Three dimensional (3-D) braided composite is one element of the structures which must connect with other structural elements, to form load transmission path during its service in aerospace, transport and engineering structures. Bolted joints are usually the lower-cost option because of its simplicity, low-cost tooling, and inspection requirements. Secondary bending induced by minor eccentricity of the loads occurs in many types of joints and can cause serious problems. In this study, flexural performance of 3-D braided open-hole composite (3DBOHC) considering open-hole diameter and preform size is systematically studied. Three-point bending test combined with a high-speed camera observation was conducted. The results show that the damage initiates in the top surface of 3DBOHC. Failure mode gradually changed from fiber breakage into interface debonding, when increasing the braiding angle. The reduction of composite strength becomes less sensitive to drilling process when braiding angle increased. The strength reduction of 3DBOHC with hole diameter of 1.5 is 13.8%, 10.3% and 5.8% for 10°, 20° and 30°, respectively. The increase in modulus and strength achieved by increasing preform size is higher for larger braiding angle 3DBOHCs. When the preform size increased from 3 ⅹ 9 to 3 ⅹ 17, the modulus increase for 10°20°and 30° 3DBOHCs is 25.4%, 42.5% and 43.2%, respectively. The strength increase for 10°20°and 30°3DBOHCs is 20.3%, 26.3% and 30.2%, respectively. This research provides a comprehensive insight for the design and application of 3-D braided composite joints.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Flexural performance of three-dimensional braided open-hole composite with different hole diameter and preform size

Gao

Wen

Siddique

et al. 2022

Journal of Industrial Textiles

Self Cite

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“…The composite undergoes perforation when it absorbs the impact energy needed to deform it, resulting in the impactor achieving complete penetration. 48 Figure 7 illustrates a classification of the force versus displacement curve in drop weight impact testing into two regions: crack initiation and crack propagation. The curve remains open in the case of perforation, indicating complete penetration, while the curve forms a closed loop in the case of cracking.…”

Section: Drop Weight Impact Testmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of fillers and weave architecture hybridization on the impact performance of 3D woven hybrid green composites

Safdar,

Khan,

Ullah

et al. 2023

Polymer Composites

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The eco‐friendly characteristics of green composites not only make them economically and technically viable but also contribute to the reduction of pollution. Green composites are developed by combining degradable fibers (primarily cellulosic materials) with natural resins. A disadvantage of green composites is their lower mechanical strength. To address this issue, 3D woven reinforcement along with fillers can be used to enhance the mechanical properties of green composites. In the current study, three different types of novel 3D woven hybrid structures, that is, hybrid through the thickness (HB‐1 (TT), novel woven layer‐to‐layer structure (HB‐2 (LL)), and layer‐to‐layer structure with double warp yarn (HB‐3 (LL)) were developed. Composites were fabricated using the compression molding technique. Three different concentrations (2%, 5%, and 8%) of nano clay (nanoparticles) were used as fillers and mixed in the green epoxy resin. Pendulum (Charpy) and drop weight impact tests of the composites were performed. The results showed that by the addition of nano particles the impact properties were increased. Nanoparticles showed a significant effect on impact strength. Charpy impact test results showed that the HB‐3 (LL) composite sample with 8% nanofillers showed the highest impact performance, while the HB‐1 (TT) composite sample with 8% nanofillers showed the highest impact performance during the drop weight impact test. By comparing the impact strength of the present work with that of similar research previously published, it is evident that our study achieved a remarkable improvement of 19.17%. This increase is due to the novel structures and nano fillers in the composite.Highlights Eco‐friendly green composites: economically feasible, minimizes pollution. Adding 3D woven structures to green composites improves their mechanical properties. Composite materials with nano clay fillers have increased impact resistance. The highest impact performance is shown by HB‐3 (LL) composites with 8% nanofillers.

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“…Hill’s anisotropic plastic model is adopted to define the yielding and plastic flow of the braided yarns. 47 Six parameters are introduced based on the von-mises yield theory to define the anisotropic yield status in Hill’s model. The plastic potential function can be expressed by equation (17) in the cartesian coordinate system.…”

Section: Finite Element Modelmentioning

confidence: 99%

Damage evolution and failure mechanism of three-dimensional braided composite subjected to varied high strain-rate loadings

Gao

Zhang

Siddique

et al. 2022

Textile Research Journal

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Three-dimensional (3D) braided composite exhibit the excellent integrity of a braided structure, which gives the composites the advantages of high-impact damage tolerance, excellent delamination resistance, and high fatigue resistance. They have been widely used in the fields of aerospace and transport. Composites are always subjected to high strain-rate loading in these application cases. Braided composites show significantly different damage evolution under varied high strain-rate loadings. A bridge which can connect the strain rate variation to the different damage evolution of composites is urgently needed for composite strength design. This research demonstrated how the strain rate variation induced the change of damage evolution and failure mode of 3D braided composite. A high-speed camera system was used to capture damage process information. A micro-scale rate-dependent finite-element model (FEM) was established to study the underlying mechanisms. The results show that the velocity gap between yarns and resin becomes more obvious at higher strain-rate loading. Damage morphology of composites under lower strain rate resulted from the higher transverse stress at the output-bar area. Higher strain-rate loading induces plastic deformation, which occurs earlier in composites. The deformation distributes more haphazardly under higher strain-rate loading. Optimizing suggestions are given to improve the impact resistance of 3D braided composites.

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Influence of Braiding Angle on Multiple Impact Damages of 3-D Braided Composite along Longitudinal Direction

Cited by 10 publications

References 36 publications

Flexural performance of three-dimensional braided open-hole composite with different hole diameter and preform size

Flexural performance of three-dimensional braided open-hole composite with different hole diameter and preform size

Effect of fillers and weave architecture hybridization on the impact performance of 3D woven hybrid green composites

Damage evolution and failure mechanism of three-dimensional braided composite subjected to varied high strain-rate loadings

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