Influence of bone volume fraction and architecture on computed large-deformation failure mechanisms in human trabecular bone

Bevill, Grant; Eswaran, Senthil Kumar; Gupta, Atul; Papadopoulos, Panayiotis; Keaveny, Tony M.

doi:10.1016/j.bone.2006.06.016

Cited by 131 publications

(158 citation statements)

References 33 publications

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“…The consistency of our results with those from a single fully nonlinear analysis (Appendix B, Figure 6) supports the validity of our approach to identifying the regions in which the tissue is most likely to fail initially. However, these analyses did not capture the nonlinearities that may influence the subsequent failure behavior of the vertebral body such as localized large deformation effects [31][32][33]. In theory, individual trabeculae may fail by buckling although they may not be the most highly-strained trabeculae, especially if they are long and slender [32,34].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In order to help validate the use of linear finite element analyses for our outcomes, the results from the analysis of one vertebral body when loaded via a PMMA layer was compared with the results from a fully nonlinear analysis -including geometric and material nonlinearities [31]. Previously calibrated tissue-level yield strains -tensile and compressive yield strains of 0.33% and 0.81%, respectively [31] -were used in the nonlinear analysis which required approximately 15,000 CPU hours on a supercomputer.…”

Section: Appendix Amentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Previously calibrated tissue-level yield strains -tensile and compressive yield strains of 0.33% and 0.81%, respectively [31] -were used in the nonlinear analysis which required approximately 15,000 CPU hours on a supercomputer. Results indicated that the relative distribution of the high-risk/failed bone tissue among the different units compared well between the linear and nonlinear analyses ( Figure 6).…”

Section: Appendix Amentioning

confidence: 99%

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Locations of bone tissue at high risk of initial failure during compressive loading of the human vertebral body

Eswaran

Gupta

Keaveny

2007

Bone

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Knowledge of the location of initial regions of failure within the vertebra -cortical shell, cortical endplates vs. trabecular bone, as well as anatomic location -may lead to improved understanding of the mechanisms of aging, disease and treatment. The overall objective of this study was to identify the location of the bone tissue at highest risk of initial failure within the vertebral body when subjected to compressive loading. Toward this end, micro-CT based 60-micron voxel-sized, linearly elastic, finite element models of a cohort of thirteen elderly (age range: 54-87 years, 75 ± 9 years) female whole vertebrae without posterior elements were virtually loaded in compression through a simulated disc. All bone tissue within each vertebra having either the maximum or minimum principal strain beyond its 90 th percentile was defined as the tissue at highest risk of initial failure within that particular vertebral body. Our results showed that such high-risk tissue first occurred in the trabecular bone and that the largest proportion of the high-risk tissue also occurred in the trabecular bone. The amount of high-risk tissue was significantly greater in and adjacent to the cortical endplates than in the mid-transverse region. The amount of high-risk tissue in the cortical endplates was comparable to or greater than that in the cortical shell regardless of the assumed Poisson's ratio of the simulated disc. Our results provide new insight into the micromechanics of failure of trabecular and cortical bone within the human vertebra, and taken together, suggest that during strenuous compressive loading of the vertebra, the tissue near and including the endplates is at the highest risk of initial failure.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Appendix Amentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Appendix Amentioning

confidence: 99%

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Locations of bone tissue at high risk of initial failure during compressive loading of the human vertebral body

Eswaran

Gupta

Keaveny

2007

Bone

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“…Because strength and stiffness of cancellous bone are related to the density raised to a power near 2.0 [24], a 10% difference in density among specimens can generate a 20% difference in strength or stiffness, suggesting small differences in density within a group increase the variability in studies, making it difficult to observe an effect of irradiation. Low-density cancellous bone (bone volume fraction \ 25%) is believed to fail through large deformation bending and buckling of trabeculae, whereas higher density trabecular bone fails through yielding of regions of the mineralized tissue [8,16]. If gamma irradiation makes bone tissue more brittle, irradiated trabeculae may have less ability to bend and yield and would instead tend to fracture (trabecular microfracture), a more detrimental failure mode [21].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Irradiation Does Not Modify Mechanical Properties of Cancellous Bone Under Compression

Hernandez

Ramsey

Dux

et al. 2012

Clinical Orthopaedics &Amp; Related Research

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Background Gamma radiation sterilization can make cortical bone allograft more brittle, but whether it influences mechanical properties and propensity to form microscopic cracks in structurally intact cancellous bone allograft is unknown. Questions/purposes We therefore determined the effects of gamma radiation sterilization on structurally intact cancellous bone mechanical properties and damage formation in both low-and high-density femoral cancellous bone (volume fraction 9%-44%). Methods We studied 26 cancellous bone cores from the proximal and distal femurs of 10 human female cadavers (49-82 years of age) submitted to a single compressive load beyond yield. Mechanical properties and the formation of microscopic cracks and other tissue damage (identified through fluorochrome staining) were compared between irradiated and control specimens. Results We observed no alterations in mechanical properties with gamma radiation sterilization after taking into account variation in specimen porosity. No differences in microscopic tissue damage were observed between the groups. Conclusions Although gamma radiation sterilization influences the mechanical properties and failure processes in cortical bone, it does not appear to influence the performance of cancellous bone under uniaxial loading. Clinical Relevance Our observations support the use of radiation sterilization on structurally intact cancellous bone allograft.

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“…Factors such as porosity, mineralization, collagen fibre orientation, diameter and spacing and other aspects of histological structure strongly affect mechanical properties; have positive effect on crack initiation and negative influence on their growth [4]. The effect of bone quantity on the mechanical behaviour and structural integrity of bone was established previously [5,6], however, more in-depth investigations are still required of the contributory effects of microstructure, material properties, and microcrack propagation [3,7]. These can be characterized as bone quality measures; an improved understanding of bone quality, particularly, resistance to crack initiation and propagation can help in accessing bone fracture risk [8].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Micro-scale modelling of bovine cortical bone fracture: Analysis of crack propagation and microstructure using X-FEM

Abdel-Wahab

Maligno

Silberschmidt

2012

Computational Materials Science

121

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• This is the author's version of a work that was accepted for publication in Computational Materials Science.Changes resulting from the publishing process, such as peer review, editing, corrections, structural for- Micro-scale modelling of bovine cortical bone fracture: Analysis of crack propagation and microstructure using X-FEM Adel A. Abdel-Wahab, Angelo R. Maligno, and Vadim V. SilberschmidtWolfson School of Mechanical and Manufacturing Engineering, Loughborough University, Loughborough, Leicestershire, LE11 3TU, UK Abstract Bone fracture susceptibility increased by factors such as bone loss, microstructure changes, and material properties variations. Therefore, investigation of the microstructure and material properties effect on the crack propagation and the global response at macro-scale level is of great importance. A non-uniform distribution of osteons in a cortical bone tissue results in a localization of deformation processes. Such localization can affect bone performance under external load and initiate fracture or assist its propagation. Once the fracture initiates, that distribution can play an important role on the crack propagation process at micro-scale level. Subsequently, the global response at macro-scale level could also be affected. In this study, a two-dimensional numerical (finite-element) fracture model for osteonal bovine cortical bone was developed with account for its microstructure using X-FEM. The topology of a transverse-radial cross section of a bovine cortical bone was captured with optical microscopy. The mechanical properties for the microstructural features of the cross-section were obtained with a use of the nanoindentation technique. Both the topology and nanoindentation data were used as input to the model formulated with the Abaqus 6.10 finite-element software. The area, directly reflecting micro-scale information, was embedded into the region with homogenised properties of the cortical bone. The simulations provide the macro-scale global response, crack propagation paths and the distribution of maximum principal stress fields at the micro-scale level for three different microscopic topologies; homogeneous, two phase composite model and threr phase composite model under tensile loading condition. The calculated stress fields for various cases of topologies demonstrate different patterns due to implementation of microstructural features in the finite-element model. There is an important role of the microstructure on the crack propagation trajectory. The suggested approach emphasizes the importance of microstructural features, especially cement lines, in development of bone failure.

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Influence of bone volume fraction and architecture on computed large-deformation failure mechanisms in human trabecular bone

Cited by 131 publications

References 33 publications

Locations of bone tissue at high risk of initial failure during compressive loading of the human vertebral body

Locations of bone tissue at high risk of initial failure during compressive loading of the human vertebral body

Irradiation Does Not Modify Mechanical Properties of Cancellous Bone Under Compression

Micro-scale modelling of bovine cortical bone fracture: Analysis of crack propagation and microstructure using X-FEM

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