Influence of biochar on physico-chemical and microbial community during swine manure composting process

Ravindran, Balasubramani; Nguyen, Dinh Duc; Chaudhary, Dhiraj Kumar; Chang, Soon Woong; Kim, Jaisoo; Lee, Sang Ryong; Shin, JoungDu; Jeon, Byong‐Hun; Chung, SeokJoo; Lee, JaeJoung

doi:10.1016/j.jenvman.2018.11.119

Cited by 129 publications

(39 citation statements)

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“…It has low moisture content (9.7%), which initiates khat straw biochar to use as bulking agent during composting. This value is lower than the finding by [12] for biochar produced from bamboo tree. It has an electrical conductivity (EC) value of 1.6 dS/m, which is much less than the maximum limit (4.0 dS/m) of Greek's standard for agricultural uses [35].…”

Section: The Physicochemical Properties Of Khat Straw Biocharcontrasting

confidence: 72%

“…However, composting had been associated with greenhouse gas emission (CO 2 , N 2 O, and CH 4 ), leachate generation, but this emission is not as equally harmful for climate as coal combustion [9,10]. More recently, studies have showed that biochar is a way to improve the performance of the composting process and the quality of compost [11,12]. Experimental evidences of biochar impact on composting especially in tropical systems are limited to a few studies to date.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Co-Composting of Khat-Derived Biochar with Municipal Solid Waste: A Sustainable Practice of Waste Management

et al. 2020

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Biochar is a way to improve the performance of the composting process and the quality of compost. This study was aimed to investigate the optimum ratio of khat straw (Catha edulis) biochar and organic municipal solid waste mixtures to improve the quality of the resulting co-composts. Khat-derived biochar during pyrolysis at 350 °C was added to organic municipal solid waste mix and four co-composting treatments were prepared with the compositions (% w/w): control compost (no biochar) and 5%, 15%, and 25% co-composted biochar in three replicates. The total organic carbon, organic matter, total nitrogen, available phosphorus, and potassium values ranged as 16.76–21.45%, 30.77–40.26%, 0.97–1.68%, 0.58–0.76%, and 12.72–15.29%, respectively. The results confirmed that 5% and 15% co-composted khat biochars had significantly reduced (p < 0.05) organic matter loss and increased the contents of cation exchange capacity, pH, phosphorous, potassium, calcium, magnesium, and zinc compared to the control compost, while some heavy metals (Fe, Cu, and Mn) and EC values in co-composted biochars are lower than the control compost. Khat-derived biochar could be added to municipal organic waste mix at 5–15% (w/w) in order to get better quality of compost, which can be used as biofertilizer.

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Section: The Physicochemical Properties Of Khat Straw Biocharcontrasting

confidence: 72%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Co-Composting of Khat-Derived Biochar with Municipal Solid Waste: A Sustainable Practice of Waste Management

et al. 2020

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“…But in practical application, the addition of compound microbial agents is often used to accelerate the composting process. Previous study also showed that compound microbial inoculants can improve composting efficiency of organic solid wastes (Ravindran et al, 2019). Our previous studies have found that Bacillus is the main dominant bacterium in the high-temperature period of primitive composting (Yi et al, 2012).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 83%

“…Several studies have used 16S rRNA sequencing technology to analyze the relationship between ARGs and microbial communities in compost (Jia et al, 2015;Zhang et al, 2016). A large number of studies have shown that exogenous microbial agents can accelerate the composting process and shorten the composting cycle (Nakasaki et al, 2013;Ravindran et al, 2019). However, the current research focuses more on the observation of the application effect of a single functional strain (Zeng et al, 2010).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Swine Manure Composting With Compound Microbial Inoculants: Removal of Antibiotic Resistance Genes and Their Associations With Microbial Community

Cao

et al. 2020

Front. Microbiol.

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In this study, compound microbial inoculants, including three Bacillus strains and one Yeast strain, were inoculated into swine manure composting to explore the effects on antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) and mobile genetic elements (MGEs), microbial community structure, and pathogenic bacteria. The results indicated that the abundances of the detected ARGs ranged from 3.6 × 10 3 to 1.13 × 10 8 copies/g. The ARGs with the highest abundance was sul2, and the lowest was blaCTX. Composting removes most of the ARGs and MGEs by 22.8-99.7%. These ARGs were significantly reduced during the thermophilic phase of compost. The removal rate of ARGs at the different layers of compost pile was different as follows: middle layer > upper layer > lower layer. But some ARGs proliferated significantly in the maturation phase of compost, especially the sulfonamide resistance genes. Compound microbial inoculants increased the temperature of compost, accelerated water loss, nitrogen fixation, and increased the removal rate of β-lactamase resistance genes, the transposon gene tn916 and part of tetracycline resistance genes by 3.7-23.8% in compost. Compound microbial inoculants changed the community structure and increased the Bacillus abundance in the thermophilic phase of compost. And it was helpful for removing pathogens during composting. The addition of compound microbial inoculants causes the decrease of Firmicutes and the increase of Bacteroidetes, which may be related to the removal and proliferation of ARGs.

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“…There have been cases of mass infection of livestock by malignant pathogens such as avian influenza (AI) [4] and foot and mouth disease (FMD). These pathogens are highly contagious and deadly to poultry and pigs [5,6], and can survive for a considerably long period at room temperature and even under sub-zero conditions [7]. Thus, it is of paramount importance to introduce and use appropriate management approaches to combat and to avoid the potential health risks derived from increasing concentration of livestock production and related concentration of livestock manure within a geographic area [7,8].…”

Section: Ofmentioning

confidence: 99%

Composting Reduces the Vitality of H9N2 in Poultry Manure and EMCV in Pig Manure Allowing for an Environmentally Friendly Use of These Animal Wastes: A Preliminary Study

Jeong

Lee

et al. 2020

Microorganisms

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In our study, we monitored the inactivation of two important viruses that are critical in animal husbandry throughout the world. To evaluate the influence of the composting process on inactivation of avian influenza virus (H9N2) in poultry manure compost (PMC) and Encephalomyocarditis virus (EMCV) in pig (swine) manure compost (SMC), the H9N2 and EMCV were injected in dialysis cassettes and buried in two different manure compost piles of poultry and pig manure, respectively. The highest temperature achieved in the PMC and SMC piles during the test period were 75 °C and 73.5 °C, respectively. At the completion of the composting for 168 h, inactivation effect appeared to be more sensitive in H9N2 than EMCV. The vitality of H9N2 decreased by 6.25 ± 0.35 log10TCID50/mL to 0.0 log10TCID50/mL within 1 h of the composting. The vitality of EMCV decreased from 7.75 ± 0.35 log10TCID50/mL to 1.50 log10TCID50/mL within 24 h of starting the composting process. However, the activation of EMCV was not decreased (from 7.75 ± 0.35 to 7.50 ± 0.71 log10TCID50/mL) in the control treatment (not inserted in composts) after 168h, while the activation of H9N2 in dialysis cassettes was significantly decreased (from 6.25 ± 0.35 log10TCID50/mL to 2.00 ± 0.6 log10TCID50/mL). Our study demonstrated the effectiveness of the composting treatment in inactivating the viruses studied, which was not the case with air treatment.

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Influence of biochar on physico-chemical and microbial community during swine manure composting process

Cited by 129 publications

References 50 publications

Co-Composting of Khat-Derived Biochar with Municipal Solid Waste: A Sustainable Practice of Waste Management

Co-Composting of Khat-Derived Biochar with Municipal Solid Waste: A Sustainable Practice of Waste Management

Swine Manure Composting With Compound Microbial Inoculants: Removal of Antibiotic Resistance Genes and Their Associations With Microbial Community

Composting Reduces the Vitality of H9N2 in Poultry Manure and EMCV in Pig Manure Allowing for an Environmentally Friendly Use of These Animal Wastes: A Preliminary Study

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