Influence of Bacteria Within Bovine Feces on the Development of the Face Fly (Diptera: Muscidae)

Hollis, John H.; Knapp, F. W.; Dawson, K. A.

doi:10.1093/ee/14.5.568

Cited by 22 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 0 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…The increased growth rate in C. vomitoria found here on the mixed diet compared with the other diets, is consistent with previous studies where multi-species bacterial communities have been found to be favourable to larval development for the blow fly Cochliomyia macellaria [27], as well as flies of the Muscidae family [46][47][48][49][50]. The blow flies may gain direct nutritional benefits through the ingestion of microbes.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

Microbial effects on the development of forensically important blow fly species

Crooks

Bulling

Barnes

2016

Forensic Science International

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Colonisation times and development rates of specific blow fly species are used to estimate the minimum Post Mortem Interval (mPMI). The presence or absence of bacteria on a corpse can potentially affect the development and survival of blow fly larvae. Therefore an understanding of microbial-insect interactions is important for improving the interpretation of mPMI estimations. In this study, the effect of two bacteria (Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus) on the growth rate and survival of three forensically important blow fly species (Lucilia sericata, Calliphora vicina and Calliphora vomitoria) was investigated.Sterile larvae were raised in a controlled environment (16:8h day: night light cycle, 23:21˚C day: night temperature cycle and a constant 35% relative humidity) on four artificial diets prepared with 100µl of 10 5 CFU bacterial solutions as follows: 1) E. coli 2) S. aureus 3) a 50:50 E. coli: S. aureus mix and 4) a sterile bacteria-free control diet. Daily measurements (length, width and weight) were taken from first instar larvae through to the emergence of adult flies. Survival rates were also determined at pupation and adult emergence. Results indicate that bacteria were not essential for the development of any of the blow fly species.However, larval growth rates were affected by bacterial diet, with effects differing between blow fly species. Peak larval weights also varied according to species-diet combination; C.vomitoria had the largest weight on E. coli and mixed diets, C. vicina had the largest weight on S. aureus diets, and treatment had no significant effect on the peak larval weight of L.sericata. These results indicate the potential for the bacteria that larvae are exposed to during development on a corpse to alter both developmental rates and larval weight in some blow fly species.

show abstract

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

Microbial effects on the development of forensically important blow fly species

Crooks

Bulling

Barnes

2016

Forensic Science International

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Some aerobic bacteria have been shown to be sufÞ-cient for house ßy (Beard and Sands 1973, Schmidtmann and Martin 1992, Watson et al 1993, Zurek et al 2000, and for stable ßy, Stomoxys calcitrans (L) (Lysyk et al 1999). Hollis et al (1985) found that steam sterilization and antibiotics reduced nutritional value of bovine dung for face ßy, Musca autumnalis DeGeer.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nutritional Value of Fresh and Composted Poultry Manure for House Fly (Diptera: Muscidae) Larvae

Moon¹,

Hinton²,

O'Rourke³

et al. 2001

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

A sand dilution assay was developed to study how composting affects the nutritional value of stored laying hen manure for larvae of the house fly, Musca domestica L. Equal numbers of eggs were inoculated into graded amounts of stock manure and incubated under standardized moisture conditions. Survival and mass per emerging adult diminished with progressively lower supplies of manure per larva, whether the manure was diluted into clean, white sand or placed on top of an equal volume of sand. Mass of adults per original egg was an increasing linear function of log, manure supply, with extrapolated lower supply threshold, S(L) = 0.06 g per egg. It is proposed that S(L) is a measure of a substrate's nutritional value--the greater the threshold, the lower its value. Dilution of the same stock manure in loam or sandy loam reduced the manure's apparent nutritional value, and dehydration of the stock manure to 20% water before rehydration to 70% also reduced nutritional value. Assays of bulk samples from replicated piles of laying hen manure mixed with sunflower hulls indicated the mixture was nutritionally equivalent to the stock manure, but that 3-4 wk of subsequent aerobic, thermophilic composting reduced it to approximately 10% of its initial value. These results suggest that composting may be a useful technique for reducing the fly breeding potential of laying hen manure and other substrates that must be stored before spreading and incorporation on crop land.

show abstract

“…These two studies suggest that microbial symbionts may not be necessary and, in some cases, are detrimental for normal larval development. In contrast, many other studies have shown that if maggots are rendered axenic because of treatment with antibiotics, growth and maintenance in sterile conditions, or feeding on sterilized food, they display altered immunological responses, increased pupariation time, and decreased mass of pupae (Fitt and OÕBrien 1985, Hollis et al 1985, Schmidtmann and Martin 1992, Sherman et al 1995, Lysyk et al 1999, Zurek et al 2000, Perotti et al 2001, Dillon and Dillon 2004, Romero et al 2006, Freitak et al 2007. To complicate matters further, there is also evidence that some antibacterial compounds (including sarcotoxins, produced by certain sarcophagids) may play a dual role in which they both limit microbial growth (in diversity, concentration, or both) and allow for proper larval development Natori 1988, Matova andAnderson 2006), most likely through skewing the larval microbiota toward a more favorable population.…”

Section: The Roles Of Microorganisms and Microbial Products In The Sumentioning

confidence: 99%

Bacterial Interactions with Necrophagous Flies

Thompson

Brogan

Scheifele

et al. 2013

Annals of the Entomological Society of America

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Animal remains represent ephemeral resources that provide nutrients to a wide range of organisms. On death, vertebrate carrion is immediately colonized with a variety of microorganisms (typically obligate or facultatively anaerobic bacteria from the air, from insects, or from the corpse itself), which produce odors through the breakdown of tissues, the alteration of volatile chemicals present in the environment, or both. Within minutes, certain necrophagous flies are attracted by these chemical signals, resulting in waves of oviposition and larviposition activity. Although there are certainly detrimental (pathogenic) bacteria in the milieu, there is significant evidence suggesting that the presence of bacteria in or on the corpse seems to aid in larval development and pupariation. This may be because of a change in larval nutrition, with the bacteria either being used as a food source themselves or making nutrients more available to larvae. Maggots also produce and secrete or excrete antimicrobial molecules that are effective in killing certain bacteria. It is unclear whether this is a defensive mechanism, a selective measure to enhance the survival of bacteria beneficial to the larva, or a combination of both. Significant research is still needed to fully appreciate the potential role that these bacteria—insect interactions have in conferring a competitive advantage for surviving in a carrion community.

show abstract

Influence of Bacteria Within Bovine Feces on the Development of the Face Fly (Diptera: Muscidae)

Cited by 22 publications

References 0 publications

Microbial effects on the development of forensically important blow fly species

Microbial effects on the development of forensically important blow fly species

Nutritional Value of Fresh and Composted Poultry Manure for House Fly (Diptera: Muscidae) Larvae

Bacterial Interactions with Necrophagous Flies

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About