Influence of austenite deformation on ferrite growth in a Fe–C–Mn alloy

Li, Zhaodong; Yang, Zhigang; Zhang, Chi; Liu, Zhenqing

doi:10.1016/j.msea.2010.03.092

Cited by 38 publications

(21 citation statements)

References 29 publications

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“…2, the ferrite fraction increased from 0.52±0.03 to 0.71±0.02 with a decrease in T IC from 710 to 670 °C because the time for ferrite formation was extended. As expected, it was consistent with many published results [32,33]. The T IC = 710 °C was chosen in the following experiments as this temperature assured formation of ~ 0.5 fraction of ferrite.…”

Section: Effect Of Interrupted Cooling Temperatures On Ferrite Formationsupporting

confidence: 87%

“…Figs. 12 (b) and (c)), which is a result of more than an order of magnitude variation in the carbon content between ferrite and RA [32]. …”

Section: Detailed Characterisation Of the Td 400 Samplementioning

confidence: 99%

“…These phenomena could be explained via thermodynamics. The volume diffusivities of manganese and carbon in austenite are respectively expressed as following [32,49]: …”

Section: Effect Of Second Phase Region Size On Retained Austenite Retmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Microstructure and mechanical properties of strip cast TRIP steel subjected to thermo-mechanical simulation

Xiong

Kostryzhev

Liang

et al. 2016

Materials Science and Engineering: A

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Instead of hot rolling and cold rolling followed by annealing, strip casting is a more economic and environmentally friendly way to produce transformation-induced plasticity (TRIP) steels. According to industrial practice of strip casting, rapid cooling in this work was achieved using a dip tester, and a Gleeble 3500 thermo-mechanical simulator was used to carry out the processing route. A typical microstructure of TRIP steels, which included ~0.55 fraction of polygonal ferrite with bainite, retained austenite and martensite, was obtained. The effects of deformation (0.41 reduction) above non-recrystallisation temperature, isothermal bainite transformation temperature and the size of second phase region on microstructure and mechanical properties were studied. The steel isothermally transformed at 400 °C had the best combination of ultimate tensile strength (UTS) and total elongation (TE), whether deformation was applied or not. The deformation resulted in the improvement of mechanical properties after holding at 400 °C: the UTS increased from 590 to 696 MPa and TE decreased from 0.27 only to 0.26. It was predominantly ascribed to grain size refinement and dislocation strengthening. The studied TRIP steel had comparable mechanical properties with TRIP 690 produced commercially. Abstract: Instead of hot rolling and cold rolling followed by annealing, strip casting is a more economic and environmentally friendly way to produce transformation-induced plasticity (TRIP) steels. According to industrial practice of strip casting, rapid cooling in this work was achieved using a dip tester, and a Gleeble 3500 thermo-mechanical simulator was used to carry out the processing route. A typical microstructure of TRIP steels, which included ~ 0.55 fraction of polygonal ferrite with bainite, retained austenite and martensite, was obtained. The effects of deformation (0.41 reduction) above non-recrystallisation temperature, isothermal bainite transformation temperature and the size of second phase region on microstructure and mechanical properties were studied. The steel isothermally transformed at 400 °C had the best combination of ultimate tensile strength (UTS) and total elongation (TE), whether deformation was applied or not. The deformation resulted in the improvement of mechanical properties after holding at 400 °C: the UTS increased from 590 to 696 MPa and TE decreased from 0.27 only to 0.26. It was predominantly ascribed to grain size refinement and dislocation strengthening. The studied TRIP steel had comparable mechanical properties with TRIP 690 produced commercially.

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Section: Effect Of Interrupted Cooling Temperatures On Ferrite Formationsupporting

confidence: 87%

“…Figs. 12 (b) and (c)), which is a result of more than an order of magnitude variation in the carbon content between ferrite and RA [32]. …”

Section: Detailed Characterisation Of the Td 400 Samplementioning

confidence: 99%

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Microstructure and mechanical properties of strip cast TRIP steel subjected to thermo-mechanical simulation

Xiong

Kostryzhev

Liang

et al. 2016

Materials Science and Engineering: A

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“…17(d)). This can be a result of a low tendency for partitioning of substitutional alloying elements [43] and also of the less variation in Mn content between different phases compared to the order of magnitude difference for carbon [44]. The rectangle area in Fig.…”

Section: Ebsd and Apt Analysis Of The T 400 Samplementioning

confidence: 99%

Microstructures and mechanical properties of TRIP steel produced by strip casting simulated in the laboratory

Xiong

Kostryzhev

Saleh

et al. 2016

Materials Science and Engineering: A

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Conventional transformation induced plasticity (TRIP) steel (0.17C-1.52Si-1.61Mn-0.03Al, wt%) was produced via strip casting technology simulated in the laboratory. Effects of holding temperature, holding time and cooling rate on ferrite formation were studied via analysis of the continuous cooling transformation diagram obtained here. A typical microstructure for conventional TRIP steels consisting of ~ 0.55 fraction of polygonal ferrite with bainite, retained austenite and martensite was obtained. However, coarse prior austenite grain size of ~80 μm led to large polygonal ferrite grain size of ~17 μm, coarse second phase regions of ~21 μm size, small amount of retained austenite (0.02-0.045) and the presence of Widmanstätten ferrite. Optimisation of the microstructure-property relationship was reached via a variation in the isothermal bainite transformation temperature. The highest retained austenite fraction of 0.045±0.003 with medium carbon content of 1.23±0.01 wt% was obtained after holding at 400 °C, resulting in the highest ultimate tensile strength of 590±35 MPa and largest total elongation of 0.27±0.05. The presence of TRIP effect in the studied steel was revealed through the analysis of strain hardening exponent and modified Crussard-Jaoul model. Effect of processing parameters on retained austenite retention and stress-strain behaviour was discussed. Conventional transformation induced plasticity (TRIP) steel (0.17C-1.52Si-1.61Mn-0.03Al, wt. %) was produced via strip casting technology simulated in the laboratory. Effects of holding temperature, holding time and cooling rate on ferrite formation were studied via analysis of the continuous cooling transformation diagram obtained here. A typical microstructure for conventional TRIP steels consisting of ~ 0.55 fraction of polygonal ferrite with bainite, retained austenite and martensite was obtained. However, coarse prior austenite grain size of ~ 80 μm led to large polygonal ferrite grain size of ~ 17 μm, coarse second phase regions of ~ 21 μm size, small amount of retained austenite (0.02 -0.045) and the presence of Widmanstätten ferrite. Optimisation of the microstructure-property relationship was reached via a variation in the isothermal bainite transformation temperature. The highest retained austenite fraction of 0.045±0.003 with medium carbon content of 1.23±0.01 wt. % was obtained after holding at 400 °C, resulting in the highest ultimate tensile strength of 590±35 MPa and largest total elongation of 0.27±0.05. The presence of TRIP effect in the studied steel was revealed through the analysis of strain hardening exponent and modified Crussard -Jaoul model. Effect of processing parameters on retained austenite retention and stress-strain behaviour was discussed.

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“…[1][2][3][4][5] Hence, it is worthy of studying a controlling factor in detail and developing a method of predicting Ar 3 . The principle of additivity proposed by Scheil,6) used to predict the transformation process under non-isothermal conditions, has been applied to the kinetic study on the starting temperature of ferrite transformation.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prediction of Ar<sub>3</sub> during Very Slow Cooling in Low Alloy Steels

et al. 2016

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Considering the partition behavior of substitutional alloying elements, a computing method is developed to predict the starting temperature of proeutectoid ferrite transformation (Ar 3 ) in low alloy steels during cooling. The paraequilibrium γ /(α + γ ) phase boundary temperature (denoted Para Ae 3 ) and local equilibrium partition to no-partition transition temperature are calculated using Thermo-Calc software in Fe-C-M 1 , Fe-C-M 1 -M 2 and Fe-C-M 1 -M 2 -M 3 (M 1 , M 2 and M 3 denote substitutional alloying elements) low alloy steels. Compared with Ar 3 taken from published CCT diagrams, it is found that the transition temperature from partitioned to no-partitioned growth agrees relatively well with Ar 3 when the cooling rate is less than 1°C/ min.

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Influence of austenite deformation on ferrite growth in a Fe–C–Mn alloy

Cited by 38 publications

References 29 publications

Microstructure and mechanical properties of strip cast TRIP steel subjected to thermo-mechanical simulation

Microstructure and mechanical properties of strip cast TRIP steel subjected to thermo-mechanical simulation

Microstructures and mechanical properties of TRIP steel produced by strip casting simulated in the laboratory

Prediction of Ar<sub>3</sub> during Very Slow Cooling in Low Alloy Steels

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