Influence of atomic ordering on the electrocatalytic activity of Pt–Co alloys in alkaline electrolyte and proton exchange membrane fuel cells

Xiong, Liufeng; Manthiram, Arumugam

doi:10.1039/b400968c

Cited by 112 publications

(96 citation statements)

References 28 publications

(64 reference statements)

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“…It has been reported that an ordering structure was induced in some Pt alloys after heat treatments at high temperatures. 18,72 Xiong and Manthiram 59,78 reported that if PtCo/C or PtFe/C was heat-treated at 600-650 1C, a major transformation in ordering structure could be observed.…”

Section: Effects Of Post-treatmentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nanostructured Pt-alloy electrocatalysts for PEM fuel cell oxygen reduction reaction

et al. 2010

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In this critical review, we present the current technological advances in proton exchange membrane (PEM) fuel cell catalysis, with a focus on strategies for developing nanostructured Pt-alloys as electrocatalysts for the oxygen reduction reaction (ORR). The achievements are reviewed and the major challenges, including high cost, insufficient activity and low stability, are addressed and discussed. The nanostructured Pt-alloy catalysts can be grouped into different clusters: (i) Pt-alloy nanoparticles, (ii) Pt-alloy nanotextures such as Pt-skins/monolayers on top of base metals, and (iii) branched or anisotropic elongated Pt or Pt-alloy nanostructures. Although some Pt-alloy catalysts with advanced nanostructures have shown remarkable activity levels, the dissolution of metals, including Pt and alloyed base metals, in a fuel cell operating environment could cause catalyst degradation, and still remains an issue. Another concern may be low retention of the nanostructure of the active catalyst during fuel cell operation. To facilitate further efforts in new catalyst development, several research directions are also proposed in this paper (130 references).

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Section: Effects Of Post-treatmentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nanostructured Pt-alloy electrocatalysts for PEM fuel cell oxygen reduction reaction

et al. 2010

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“…This alloy has an ordered structure, as evidenced by the peak for the (110) reflection. 31 The electron configuration of Pt atoms in the Pt/C and PtFe/C samples was investigated by deconvolution of the Pt 4f signals from the XPS spectra. For the Pt/C sample, the Pt 4f signal was fitted into three components (Figure 3c), where the doublet peaks observed at 71 and 75 eV (green), 73 and 76 eV (orange), and 74 and 78 eV (black) are indexed to Pt(0), Pt(+1), and Pt(+2), respectively.…”

Section: ¹2mentioning

confidence: 99%

High Performance Anode for Direct Cellulosic Biomass Fuel Cells Operating at Intermediate Temperatures

Hibino

Kobayashi

et al. 2017

Bulletin of the Chemical Society of Japan

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Cellulosic biomass resources have considerable potential as a renewable energy source that can be used for the cogeneration of electricity and heat. The utilization of these resources generally requires three major systematic processes: gasification, gas processing, and gas utilization. If a power generator could operate using wood resources directly as fuels, then this system could be significantly simplified, thereby reducing initial equipment cost and enhancing application flexibility. An intermediate-temperature fuel cell could possibly realize such an operation; however, the fuel-cell characteristics, especially the catalytic activity of the Pt/C anode, are not sufficient at present. In this study, we attempted to improve the anode activity by alloying Pt with other metals, followed by optimization of the alloy in terms of its atomic ratio and content. The resulting PtFe/C anode yielded higher power densities (3742 mW cm ¹2 ) and energy densities (125169 Wh kg ¹1) at 250°C for fuels composed of cypress, tissue paper, and cotton, compared to those obtained using the Pt/C anode, despite its smaller Pt loading.

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“…Platinum alloys have been found to exhibit a volcano-shape relationship between catalytic activity and d-orbital vacancy, indicating the highest catalytic activity at an optimum number of d-orbital vacancies. In the case of the Pt-Co alloy studied here, the d-band vacancy could be influenced by the number of nearest-neighbor Pt and Co, as each Pt has a coordination number, and the Pt-Co distance, as they would affect the bonding interactions between the Pt and Co atoms [58].…”

Section: Orr Measurementsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Investigation of oxygen reduction in alkaline media on electrocatalysts prepared by the mechanical alloying of Pt, Co, and Ni

2015

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Pt, PtCo, and PtNi electrocatalysts were prepared by mechanical alloying, and their activity for oxygen reduction reaction in 0.5 M KOH was investigated using cyclic voltammetry (CV) and rotating ring-disk electrode techniques. Electrocatalysts were characterized by X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, transmission electron microscopy, and energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy. Physical characterization showed that all electrocatalysts are alloys in the form of agglomerated particles that consist of nanocrystals. To perform an electrocatalytic evaluation, polarization curves, Koutecky-Levich and Tafel plots were obtained to calculate the kinetic parameters. Additionally, the molar fraction of the generated HO 2 -and the number of transferred electrons were determined. PtCo alloy showed a better performance for oxygen reduction reaction with a higher exchange current density, a lower overpotential, as well as higher specific and mass activities due to a synergistic effect between Pt and Co atoms as a result of the alloying process.

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Influence of atomic ordering on the electrocatalytic activity of Pt–Co alloys in alkaline electrolyte and proton exchange membrane fuel cells

Cited by 112 publications

References 28 publications

Nanostructured Pt-alloy electrocatalysts for PEM fuel cell oxygen reduction reaction

Nanostructured Pt-alloy electrocatalysts for PEM fuel cell oxygen reduction reaction

High Performance Anode for Direct Cellulosic Biomass Fuel Cells Operating at Intermediate Temperatures

Investigation of oxygen reduction in alkaline media on electrocatalysts prepared by the mechanical alloying of Pt, Co, and Ni

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