Influence of atmospheric and climatic change on plant–pathogen interactions

Eastburn, Darin M.; McElrone, Andrew J.; Bilgin, Damla D.

doi:10.1111/j.1365-3059.2010.02402.x

Cited by 205 publications

(191 citation statements)

References 150 publications

(203 reference statements)

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“…Heat and drought stress will predispose plants to some pathogens but trigger defence mechanisms by raising the level of expression of some genes and gene networks, potentially increasing resistance to some pests and pathogens (Eastburn et al 2011). However, the limited understanding of these complex interactions suggests that any breeding approach will have to target a specific pest or pathogen and that 'one-sizefits-all' approaches will not work.…”

Section: Adaptation To New Pests and Pathogensmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Here again, the distinction between pathogen lifestyles will be important, as different defence cascades work against biotrophic and necrotrophic pathogens. Current research in this area has been recently reviewed (Eastburn et al 2011). A great deal of prebreeding research will be necessary to understand the genetic architecture of these complex traits and how these networks are modified by climate change before they can be exploited through plant breeding.…”

Section: Adaptation To New Pests and Pathogensmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Plant adaptation to climate change—opportunities and priorities in breeding

et al. 2012

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Abstract. Climate change in Australia is expected to influence crop growing conditions through direct increases in elevated carbon dioxide (CO 2 ) and average temperature, and through increases in the variability of climate, with potential to increase the occurrence of abiotic stresses such as heat, drought, waterlogging, and salinity. Associated effects of climate change and higher CO 2 concentrations include impacts on the water-use efficiency of dryland and irrigated crop production, and potential effects on biosecurity, production, and quality of product via impacts on endemic and introduced pests and diseases, and tolerance to these challenges. Direct adaptation to these changes can occur through changes in crop, farm, and value-chain management and via economically driven, geographic shifts where different production systems operate. Within specific crops, a longer term adaptation is the breeding of new varieties that have an improved performance in 'future' growing conditions compared with existing varieties.In crops, breeding is an appropriate adaptation response where it complements management changes, or when the required management changes are too expensive or impractical. Breeding requires the assessment of genetic diversity for adaptation, and the selection and recombining of genetic resources into new varieties for production systems for projected future climate and atmospheric conditions. As in the past, an essential priority entering into a 'climate-changed' era will be breeding for resistance or tolerance to the effects of existing and new pests and diseases. Hence, research on the potential incidence and intensity of biotic stresses, and the opportunities for breeding solutions, is essential to prioritise investment, as the consequences could be catastrophic. The values of breeding activities to adapt to the five major abiotic effects of climate change (heat, drought, waterlogging, salinity, and elevated CO 2 ) are more difficult to rank, and vary with species and production area, with impacts on both yield and quality of product. Although there is a high likelihood of future increases in atmospheric CO 2 concentrations and temperatures across Australia, there is uncertainty about the direction and magnitude of rainfall change, particularly in the northern farming regions. Consequently, the clearest opportunities for 'in-situ' genetic gains for abiotic stresses are in developing better adaptation to higher temperatures (e.g. control of phenological stage durations, and tolerance to stress) and, for C 3 species, in exploiting the (relatively small) fertilisation effects of elevated CO 2 . For most cultivated plant species, it remains to be demonstrated how much genetic variation exists for these traits and what value can be delivered via commercial varieties. Biotechnology-based breeding technologies (marker-assisted breeding and genetic modification) will be essential to accelerate genetic gain, but their application requires additional investment in the understanding, genetic characterisation,...

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Section: Adaptation To New Pests and Pathogensmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Adaptation To New Pests and Pathogensmentioning

confidence: 99%

Plant adaptation to climate change—opportunities and priorities in breeding

et al. 2012

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“…The fertilization effect of higher CO 2 levels might increase photosynthesis and crop yields (Ainsworth and Long 2005). However, it is widely considered to also affect plant morphology, canopy structure, and hence micro-climate and the resident micro-floral populations in such environments (Eastburn et al 2011). Thus far, different studies have given conflicting results showing that elevated CO 2 levels may have negative, neutral, or positive effects on fungal growth (Luck et al 2011).…”

Section: Pest Evolution Under Climate Changementioning

confidence: 87%

Robust cropping systems to tackle pests under climate change. A review

Lamichhane¹,

Barzman²,

Booij³

et al. 2014

Agron. Sustain. Dev.

124

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Agriculture in the twenty-first century faces the challenge of meeting food demands while satisfying sustainability goals. The challenge is further complicated by climate change which affects the distribution of crop pests (intended as insects, plants, and pathogenic agents injurious to crops) and the severity of their outbreaks. Increasing concerns over health and the environment as well as new legislation on pesticide use, particularly in the European Union, urge us to find sustainable alternatives to pesticide-based pest management. Here, we review the effect of climate change on crop protection and propose strategies to reduce the impact of future invasive as well as rapidly evolving resident populations. The major points are the following: (1) the main consequence of climate change and globalization is a heightened level of unpredictability of spatial and temporal interactions between weather, cropping systems, and pests; (2) the unpredictable adaptation of pests to a changing environment primarily creates uncertainty and projected changes do not automatically translate into doom and gloom scenarios; (3) faced with uncertainty, policy, research, and extension should prepare for worst-case scenarios following a "no regrets" approach that promotes resilience vis-à-vis pests which, at the biophysical level, entails uncovering what currently makes cropping systems resilient, while at the organizational level, the capacity to adapt needs to be recognized and strengthened; (4) more collective approaches involving extension and other stakeholders will help meet the challenge of developing more robust cropping systems; (5) farmers can take advantage of Web 2.0 and other new technologies to make the exchange of updated information quicker and easier; (6) cooperationThe views expressed by Stephen R. H. Langrell are purely his own and may not in any circumstances be regarded as stating an official position of the European Commission.

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“…CO 2 is a greenhouse gas that has a direct impact on plant growth and on disease epidemics, causing changes in pathogen-host relationships. Above-and belowground biomass accumulation exhibits strong and consistent increases under elevated CO 2 (Eastburn et al, 2011). However, the effects on plant diseases may differ according to the pathogen, the host, the environmental conditions, and the methodology used in the studies (Luck et al, 2011).…”

Section: Crescimento De Plantas E Severidade Da Mancha Foliar Em Eucamentioning

confidence: 99%

Plant growth and leaf-spot severity on eucalypt at different CO2concentrations in the air

Silva

Ghini

2014

Pesq. agropec. bras.

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-The objective of this work was to evaluate the effects of increased air-CO 2 concentration on plant growth and on leaf-spot caused by Cylindrocladium candelabrum in Eucalyptus urophylla. Seedlings were cultivated for 30 days at 451, 645, 904, and 1,147 µmol mol -1 CO 2 ; then, they were inoculated with the pathogen and kept under the same conditions for seven days. Increased CO 2 concentration increased plant height and shoot dry matter mass, and decreased disease incidence and severity. Stem diameter was not affected by the treatments. Increased concentrations of atmospheric CO 2 favorably affect eucalypt growth and reduce leaf-spot severity.

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Influence of atmospheric and climatic change on plant–pathogen interactions

Cited by 205 publications

References 150 publications

Plant adaptation to climate change—opportunities and priorities in breeding

Plant adaptation to climate change—opportunities and priorities in breeding

Robust cropping systems to tackle pests under climate change. A review

Plant growth and leaf-spot severity on eucalypt at different CO2concentrations in the air

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