Influence of Arc Size on the Ignition and Flame Propagation of Cable Fire

Li, Chenying; Chen, Jie; Zhang, Wei; Hu, Libing; Cao, Jian; Li, Jianjun; Zhu, Zhenyu; Wu, Shuqun

doi:10.3390/en14185675

Cited by 10 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…Cables are mainly composed Energies 2022, 15,1904 2 of 13 of conductors, insulation and sheaths. Among them, the most important factors affecting the combustion characteristics of a cable are insulation and sheath materials [11]. Some scholars used a cone calorimeter to study the combustion characteristics of PVC cables and obtain fire characteristics such as ignition time, heat release rate, mass loss rate, smoke generation rate and so on.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Study on Combustion Characteristics of Cable Based on Cone Calorimeter

Zhang¹,

Yao²,

Hui

et al. 2022

Energies

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Cross-linked polyethylene (XLPE) carries a high fire risk. In this paper, a cone calorimeter is used to carry out radiation ignition experiments, and the heat release rate (HRR), mass loss rate (MLR) and other combustion parameters of XLPE cables under three kinds of radiation intensity are measured. By comparing the ignition time and HRR of samples under different conditions, the following conclusions are drawn: (1) The ignition time of XLPE cables decreases significantly with the increase in external thermal radiation intensity. The critical ignition heat flux (CHF) is about 16.24 kW/m2. (2) The HRR curve of XLPE is consistent with the characteristics of hot, thick material. The HRR rises rapidly to the first peak after ignition and then rapidly decreases. Then, it slowly rises to the second peak. Finally, it slowly decays until the combustion stops. (3) The first peak values of HRR of XLPE under different radiation intensities are almost the same. The time for the second peak of HRR is shorter, and the value is larger with the increase in external thermal radiation intensity. (4) The cable ignition model is established, which can simulate the cable ignition time well under different radiant heat flow conditions. (5) Based on the mathematical model, the ignition time trend with the thickness of sheath layer and conductive core layer as variables is deduced.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Study on Combustion Characteristics of Cable Based on Cone Calorimeter

Zhang¹,

Yao²,

Hui

et al. 2022

Energies

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“…Electric cable fires frequently occur [2]. Cable fires are easily caused by circuit overloads, short circuits, interface failure, and other fire sources, leading to enormous casualties [3,4]. The cables are usually laid in the way of multiple layers along the walls of the tunnels.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Study of the Fire Behavior of Multilayer Cables in a Mine Tunnel

et al. 2022

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Fires caused by cables occur frequently in mines, which endanger the safety of workers. To explore the characteristics of a multilayer cable fire in a mine tunnel, multilayer cable fire simulations were carried out using the Fire Dynamics Simulator (FDS). The influence of cable tray spacing, ignition position, and tunnel ventilation speed on the characteristics of the fire were studied. The results showed that these factors change the amount of contact between the cable and air, the heat accumulation, and the heat transfer by the flame interaction between the cables. It was also noted that increasing the spacing or wind speed both made the peak of heat release rate (PHRR) initially increase and then decrease. The influence of wind speed on the cable burnout rate in the upstream and downstream sides of the fire source was not consistent, and the wind speed had a sensitive effect on the cable burn out rate in the upstream side of the fire source. The higher the ignition position was, the longer the arrival time of PHRR was and the slower the fire developed. There was a higher burn velocity close to the ceiling. The cable hooks obstructed the cable fire. This study provides a theoretical basis for cable fire prevention and control in mine tunnels.

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“…The calorific value of cross-linked polyethylene is 48 MJ/kg, self-extinguishing polyethylene is 41.9 MJ/kg. For polyvinyl chloride plastic, this depends on the brand (recipe), MJ/kg: ordinary recipes -23.7 (insulating) and 25.8 (sheathing); reduced flammability 18.4 -19.7; reduced fire safety with low smoke and gas emission 10 (for filling) -17.7 (for sheath) -18.9 (for insulation) [36][37][38]. For example, 1 m of cable with polyvinyl chloride insulation in a protective sheath made of polyvinyl chloride plastic (bare) VVG 435+116 releases during combustion 10.5 MJ of heat; the VVHng cable 435+116 -9.9 MJ, and the VVHng-LS cable -9 MJ [39].…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Requirements for cables as categories of construction products and thermal resistance of power cables

Bezprozvannych,

Grynyshyna,

Moskvitin

2024

Electrical Engineering & Electromechanics

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Introduction. One of the main driving factors of the demand for cable and conductor products is the modern trend of urbanization, which leads to an increase in cities with significantly increased requirements for electrical networks of transportation and distribution of electrical energy. This requires the development of appropriate infrastructure with significant demand for electricity in the commercial, industrial and residential sectors. The construction industry uses a wide range of cables with an appropriate set of electrical and mechanical properties, resistance to the influence of external climatic factors, and, first of all, must meet fire safety requirements. Increasing construction activity is stimulating the market for fire-resistant cables in the construction industry. According to the Construction Products Regulation, power, telecommunication cables, data cables, control and management, fiber optic refer to construction products in the EU member states. These cables are intended for the supply of electrical energy and communication, which are permanently installed in buildings and other engineering structures. Power, telecommunications, data and control cables are considered construction products, and are the only electrical products classified as construction. Over the next 15 years, Eastern Europe is expected to see increased growth in the construction industry, as the end of the war in Ukraine requires nearly $1 trillion in reconstruction. A strategic task in the reconstruction of the country is the use of cable and conductor products with increased operational properties, including in the construction industry. Significant efforts and investments in innovation and certification of cable and conductor products require manufacturers to create construction products of the «Power, control and communication cables» category with a high level of fire safety in accordance with the Euroclassification of cables in terms of reaction to fire depending on the level of safety. Purpose. Analysis of fire safety requirements for cables as a category of construction products and determination of thermal resistance of power cables based on experimental thermal studies of modern electrical insulating compositions. Methodology. The thermal stability of power cables with a voltage of 0,66/1 kV was determined, depending on the design, based on the conducted experimental studies of the thermal stability of electrical insulation materials, between the core filling and the polymer sheath, removed from the cable samples. On the basis of the conducted correlation analysis between thermal resistance and fire load, which are important parameters for confirming the quality and safety of the entire cable, it has been proven that the efficiency of halogen-free compositions to meet fire safety requirements increases with the increase in the cross-section and number of cores in the cable. Practical value. Determining the heat load and fire resistance of cables of various designs and areas of application based on the obtained experimental data on the heat of combustion of polymer cable materials is necessary and justified at the stage of mastering and determining the prospects for the production of cables with modern halogen-free electrical insulation compositions in accordance with fire safety requirements.

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Influence of Arc Size on the Ignition and Flame Propagation of Cable Fire

Cited by 10 publications

References 23 publications

Study on Combustion Characteristics of Cable Based on Cone Calorimeter

Study on Combustion Characteristics of Cable Based on Cone Calorimeter

Study of the Fire Behavior of Multilayer Cables in a Mine Tunnel

Requirements for cables as categories of construction products and thermal resistance of power cables

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