Influence of Applying Infiltration and Retention Objects to the Rainwater Runoff on a Plot and Catchment Scale – Case Study of Służewiecki Stream Subcatchment in Warsaw

Abstract

This article presents the results of an analysis aimed at determining the influence of applying selected types of objects for the infiltration and retention of rainwater (LID -low impact development objects), on a plot scale (area of a shopping mall) and in the subcatchment of Służewiecki Stream in Warsaw, on the characteristics of surface runoff/outflow as well as retention and infiltration depths, in response to a single rainfall event. The following types of objects were accounted for in the study: permeable soil layer, green roof, permeable paved parking lot surface, and infiltration trench. The SWMM model (storm water management model), designed by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency was used to carry out simulation calculations for the individual scenarios of applying infiltration and retention objects on a plot and catchment scale. The effect of applying LID objects throughout the analyzed area was, in both cases, a reduction in the depth of surface runoff, outflow volume and, at the same time, an increase in the infiltration and retention depths. The most significant reduction in surface runoff on the plot scale (approximately 99%) occurred in the case of calculation scenarios calling for the application of infiltration trenches (scenario LID3), as well as permeable layers of soil and gravel (LID5 and LID6). The most significant reduction in runoff/outflow on the catchment scale was achieved by the combined application of objects of "permeable soil layer" and so-called "green roofs" (LID5). The reduction in the runoff depth and peak flow rate amounted to 50.0 and 38.5%, respectively, as compared to runoff from the catchment at the current state of its urbanization. The influence of urbanization that the plot of land and subcatchment area had undergone between 1970 and 2005 also was analyzed. The increased urbanization of the catchment, determined as 40%, resulted in an increase in the maximum flow rate in the "Rosoła" profile (approximately 19 times higher), as well as outflow volume (approximately 39 time higher).

Hydrological impact assessment on permeable road pavement with subsurface precast micro‐detention pond

“…In the pervious area, there was no runoff at all for the first 7 to 12 minutes of the storm, as the depression storage and available infiltration capacity were sufficient to capture all rainfall volume during this period. The expected findings are supported by Kim et al (2015) and Barszcz (2015), where peak flow and total runoff volume after permeable pavement controlled are smaller than the values of the existing condition with AP, indicating that pervious pavement has infiltrated most of the runoff into groundwater. Overall, the runoff hydrograph for 15 min 100-yr storm was the largest.…”

“…Permeable pavements have been widely used since 1982 in the USA and in the 1990s in Canada, Europe and Japan as a measure to control stormwater (Mosquera and Drake, 1998; Pratt, 1999; Dietz, 2007; O’Sullivan et al ., 2011). Permeable pavements have been extremely effective in infiltrating stormwater runoff (Watanabe, 1995; Fach and Geiger, 2005; Zhou and Li, 2008; Bastien et al ., 2011; Sañudo‐Fontaneda et al , 2013; Barszcz, 2015), significantly reducing runoff volume (Pratt et al ., 1989; Davey and Maziliauskas, 2003; Lin et al ., 2014; Timm et al ., 2018) and minimising peak flow (Price, 1994; Kim et al ., 2015; Imteaz et al ., 2018; Su et al ., 2019). Permeable pavements that commonly used are pervious concrete (PC), porous asphalt (PA) and permeable pavers.…”

Radar Data Analyses for a Single Rainfall Event and Their Application for Flow Simulation in an Urban Catchment Using the SWMM Model

“…An extensive description of the SWMM model can be found in the manual [47]. Numerous examples of its application for simulating flow in urbanized catchments can be found in the scientific publications of various authors [48][49][50][51][52].…”

The Role of Local Precipitation Models in Designing Rainwater Drainage Systems in Urban Areas: a Case Study in Krakow, Poland

“…Verification of the collecting pipe hydraulic capacity at stage III was made using numerical modeling in the Storm Water Management Model SWMM [43][44][45] program, which was created by the Water Supply and Water Resources Division of the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency's National Risk Management Research Laboratory as a result of work and research carried out in order to assess and reduce risks for human health and environment. SWMM now provides an integrated graphical environment for editing catchment input data and flow routing at single-event and long-term scales, together with first-order water quality simulation.…”