“…The generation of peroxyl free radicals in antioxidants is weakened after the reaction of aromatic amines in biodiesel. Many research works were carried out by using Jatropha biodiesel doped with different antioxidants doped to fuel diesel engines, that include tert-butyl hydroquinone (TBHQ), 1 propyl gallate (PG), 1 pyrogallol (PY), 1,18 Butylated hydroxytoluene (BHT), 1,3 graphene nanoplatelets, 19,20 N,N-Dimethyl p-phenylene-diamine dihydrochloride, succinimide, 21,22 N-Phenyl-p-phenylenediamine, alumina, 23,24 Cerium oxide nanoparticles, carbon nanotubes, Moringa oleifera Lam, n-butanol and diethyl ether. 23,25 The review of all these research articles reveals that the brake thermal efficiency (BTE) increased by 15%-25%, 19,20 and the BSFC decreased by 9%-20% 19,21,26 at full load.…”