Influence of ammonia on the fine structure of wool fibre

Abstract

Changes of the fine structure of wool caused by treatment with vapour and aqueous solution of ammonia are analysed. Crystallinity degree and crystallite size were found to increase, while the general orientation, as characterized by birefringence and texture, was reduced. Character and intensity of these changes depend first of all on the medium used and on its concentration. Der EinfluP von Ammoniak auf die Feinstruktur der WollfaserDie Bnderungen der Feinstruktur von Wolle bei Behandlungen mit Ammoniakdampf und waWrigen Ammoniaklosungen wurden analysiert. Dabei wurde festgestellt, daW Kristallinitatsgrad und KristallitgroWe zunehmen, wahrend die durch Doppelbrechung und Textur charakterisierte allgemeine Orientierung abnimmt. Art und Intensitat der h d e r u n g e n hangen vor allem vom Behandlungsmedium und von der Konzentration ab. BauaMue a.utMuaxa na monxylo cmpyxmypy eoaoxwa ulepcmuBJIHHHHe 0 6 p a 6 0~~n IIIepCTEl r a s o o 6 p a a~b 1~ aMMkiaKOM HJIH W O BOAHbIMH paCTBOpaMH H a ee TOHKYIO CTPYHTYPY. YCTaHOBneHO YBeJlIlWHHe CTeIleHH KPHCTaJIjIHqHOCTH BOJlOKHa Ig pa3MepOB HpHCTaJfnHTOB B HeM, a XapaKTep H ElHTeHCHBHOCTb Ha6JIIOAaeMbIX H3MeHeHElfi 3aBHCHT, IIpemAe BCeFO, OT CpeAbI 0 6 p a 6 o~~~ H KOHqeH-TaKme noHnmeHHe o6111et opaemaqsm, x a p a~~e p u s y e~o t Benvrvmog p o i a o r o nysenpenoranemm H TeKcTypoii.

Untersuchung zur Umsetzung von Maleinsäureanhydrid‐Copolymeren mit Alkoholen

“…Crystallinity index: The content of crystalline phase was determined by the method of WAKELIN e t al. [14] -using standards prepared in [15] under conditions: CuK, radiation, continuous recording, scintillation counter speed of 2"/min. X-ray patterns are shown in Fig.…”

Investigations of discoloured wools

“…[14] -using standards prepared in [15] under conditions: CuK, radiation, continuous recording, scintillation counter speed of 2"/min. [14] -using standards prepared in [15] under conditions: CuK, radiation, continuous recording, scintillation counter speed of 2"/min.…”

Effect of liquid ammonia and protease on surface modification and shrink resistance of wool

“…The effects of liquid ammonia on the surface morphology, thermodynamic, and dyeing properties of wool under laboratory conditions were roughly discussed. [16][17][18][19][20] Wakida et al believed that liquid ammonia pretreatment could not change the physical or chemical structure of wool due to the slight relaxation of membrane complex. 19 Lee reported that the treatment of liquid ammonia caused a relaxation of CMC structure of wool and contributed to an increase of dyeing properties.…”

“…Liquid ammonia is easy to penetrate the fiber due to its small molecular weight and strong permeability. The effects of liquid ammonia on the surface morphology, thermodynamic, and dyeing properties of wool under laboratory conditions were roughly discussed 16–20 . Wakida et al believed that liquid ammonia pretreatment could not change the physical or chemical structure of wool due to the slight relaxation of membrane complex 19 .…”