Influence of agricultural practice on mobile bla genes: IncI1‐bearing CTX‐M, SHV, CMY and TEM in Escherichia coli from intensive farming soils

Abstract

Many calls have been made to address antibiotic resistance in an environmental perspective. With this study, we showed the widespread presence of high-level antibiotic resistant isolates on a collection of non-susceptible Gram-negative bacteria (n = 232) recovered from soils. Bacteria were selected using amoxicillin, cefotaxime and imipenem, from sites representing different agricultural practices (extensive, intensive and organic). Striking levels of non-susceptibility were noticed in intensive soils for norfloxacin (74%), streptomycin (50.7%) and tetracycline (46.6%); indeed, the exposure to intensive agricultural practices constituted a risk factor for non-susceptibility to many antibiotics, multidrug resistance and production of extended-spectrum β-lactamases (ESBL). Analyses of non-susceptibility highlighted that environmental and clinical bacteria from the same species might not share the same intrinsic resistance patterns, raising concerns for therapy choices in environment-borne infections. The multiple sequence-type IncI1-driven spread of penicillinases (blaTEM-1, blaTEM-135), ESBL (blaSHV-12 and blaCTX-M-1) and plasmid-mediated AmpC β-lactamases (blaCMY-2), produced by isolates that share their molecular features with isolates from humans and animals, suggests contamination of agricultural soils. This is also the first appearance of IncI1/ST28-harbouring blaCTX-M-1, which should be monitored to prevent their establishment as successfully dispersed plasmids. This research may help disclose paths of contamination by mobile antibiotic resistance determinants and the risks for their dissemination.

Draft Genomic Analysis of an Avian Multidrug Resistant Morganella morganii Isolate Carrying qnrD1

“…The transference ability of specific antibiotic resistance genes from M. morganii INSRALV892a and E. coli INSRALV892b was assessed by broth mating out assays using E. coli J53 NaN3 R as recipient strain, as described elsewhere (Jones-Dias et al, 2016). Resistant E. coli J53 transconjugants were then selected on MacConkey agar plates containing amoxicillin (100 mg/l) or ciprofloxacin (0.06 mg/l) together with sodium azide (200 mg/l), according with the antibiotic susceptibility profile of the donor isolates.…”

A Review of SHV Extended-Spectrum β-Lactamases: Neglected Yet Ubiquitous

“…The range of bacterial species they have encountered is limited to E. coli, K. pneumoniae, E. cloacae , and the S. enterica serotypes Concord, Enteritidis, Heidelberg and Kiambu. Nevertheless, IncI1 plasmids (19–340 Kb) occur in very diverse settings: bla SHV-2 - and bla SHV-12 -encoding isolates from human infections (Bulgaria, France, Italy, Spain, Taiwan; Tato et al, 2007; Marcadé et al, 2009; Accogli et al, 2013; de Toro et al, 2013; Markovska et al, 2014; Chen C. M. et al, 2015) and colonization (Ethiopia) (Fabre et al, 2009); bla SHV-2 -, bla SHV-2 a –, and bla SHV-12 -encoding isolates from poultry (Canada, Italy, Portugal; Bortolaia et al, 2010, 2011; Accogli et al, 2013; Pouget et al, 2013; Jones-Dias et al, 2015), bla SHV-2 - and bla SHV-2 a -encoding isolates from pigs (Canada) (Pouget et al, 2013); bla SHV-12 -encoding isolates from aquatic birds (Poland) (Literak et al, 2010); and bla SHV-12 -encoding isolates from farming soil (Portugal) (Jones-Dias et al, 2016). Remarkably, bla SHV-12 on IncI1 plasmids belonging to pST26 have been identified among E. coli isolates of human and animal origin (Accogli et al, 2013; Jones-Dias et al, 2015), indicating the potential transmission of these bla SHV-12 -encoding vehicles from human to animals and/or vice versa.…”

Rapidly mitigating antibiotic resistant risks in chicken manure by Hermetia illucens bioconversion with intestinal microflora

“…The spread of antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) (Martinez, 2008;Feng et al, 2018) in an environment is intensifying the risk of public exposure to multidrugresistant pathogens (Sommer et al, 2009;Jones-Dias et al, 2016;Jiang et al, 2017). The Chinese population harbours a huge abundance of ARGs (Feng et al, 2018).…”