Influence of aging on oral-pharyngeal bolus transit and clearance during swallowing: scintigraphic study

Cook, Ian J.; Weltman, Martin; Wallace, Karen; Shaw, Douglas W.; McKay, Erin; Smart, Richard C.; Butler, S. P.

doi:10.1152/ajpgi.1994.266.6.g972

Cited by 83 publications

(94 citation statements)

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“…Compared to younger subjects, older subjects have higher amplitude and longer duration of hypopharyngeal pressure (26) , lower UES resting pressure (26,27) , an increase in the amount of pharyngeal residues, prolonged oral transit, prolonged pharyngeal transit, prolonged pharyngeal clearance (6) , and a longer UES opening duration (18) . The proximal esophageal contraction has a later response to swallowing and a shorter duration in older subjects than in younger subjects (11) .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…There are results showing that age and gender influence swallowing, with women having a slower oropharyngeal transit (10) , lower oropharyngeal flow (2,15) , longer laryngeal closure during swallowing (18) and a possibly longer cricopharyngeal opening duration (18) . The aging process causes a lower flow of the bolus through the mouth and pharynx (6,16) and a longer cricopharyngeal opening duration (18) . An influence of age and gender on esophageal motility was also observed (7,8,11,26,27,28) .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Possible interaction of gender and age on human swallowing behavior

Dantas

Alves²,

Santos³

et al. 2011

Arq. Gastroenterol.

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-Context -The swallowing behavior is affected by age and possibly by gender. However, the interaction of the effects of age and gender on swallowing is not completely known. Objective -To evaluate the possibility of interaction of gender and age on human swallowing behavior. Method -Swallowing was evaluated in 89 healthy subjects by the water swallowing test, 43 men and 46 women aged 20-40 years (younger, n = 38), 41-60 years (middle-aged, n = 31) and 61-80 years (older, n = 20). Each subject ingested in triplicate 50 mL of water while precisely timed and the number of swallows needed to ingest all the volume was counted. Results -The interval between swallows was shorter and the volume in each swallow was smaller in women compared to men. In older subjects the time to ingest the 50 mL of water was longer, the interval between swallows was longer, and swallowing flow and volume in each swallow were smaller than in younger and middle-aged subjects. The swallowing flow was lower in women compared to men in younger subjects. The volume of each swallow was smaller in women than in men in younger and middle-aged subjects. There was no difference in swallowing flow and volume between older men and older women. Conclusion -Age and gender influence swallowing behavior, with the effect of gender being more evident in younger subjects and the effect of age being more evident in men. HEADINGS -Age effect. Gender identity. Deglutition.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Possible interaction of gender and age on human swallowing behavior

Dantas

Alves²,

Santos³

et al. 2011

Arq. Gastroenterol.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…deglutitive sphincter resistance; relaxation interval; intrabolus pressure IT IS SOMEWHAT IRONIC that although the upper esophageal sphincter (UES) is the most accessible structure of the esophagus, it is in many ways the least well-understood. Several reflex pathways have been described linking the UES to the esophagus and pharynx (15,20,21,23,24) as have age-related changes in contractile vigor (2,7,22,25,31); however, with the exception of belch-related dysfunction (14, 15), none of these observations have yet been linked to pathological conditions. With respect to pathological conditions, the only clear dysfunction of the UES relates to alterations in its response during swallowing, specifically impaired UES opening during swallowing and impaired relaxation during swallow.…”

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confidence: 99%

Deglutitive upper esophageal sphincter relaxation: a study of 75 volunteer subjects using solid-state high-resolution manometry

Ghosh¹,

Pandolfino²,

Zhang³

et al. 2006

American Journal of Physiology-Gastrointestinal and Liver Physi

145

130

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. Deglutitive upper esophageal sphincter relaxation: a study of 75 volunteer subjects using solid-state high-resolution manometry. Am J Physiol Gastrointest Liver Physiol 291: G525-G531, 2006. First published April 27, 2006 doi:10.1152/ajpgi.00081.2006.-This study aimed to use a novel high-resolution manometry (HRM) system to establish normative values for deglutitive upper esophageal sphincter (UES) relaxation. Seventy-five asymptomatic controls were studied. A solid-state HRM assembly with 36 circumferential sensors spaced 1 cm apart was positioned to record from the hypopharynx to the stomach. Subjects performed ten 5-ml water swallows and one each of 1-, 10-, and 20-ml volume swallows. Pressure profiles across the UES were analyzed using customized computational algorithms that measured 1) the relaxation interval (RI), 2) the median intrabolus pressure (mIBP) during the RI, and 3) the deglutitive sphincter resistance (DSR) defined as mIBP/RI. The automated analysis succeeded in confirming bolus volume modulation of both the RI and the mIBP with the mean RI ranging from 0.32 to 0.50 s and mIBP ranging from 5.93 to 13.80 mmHg for 1-and 20-ml swallows, respectively. DSR was relatively independent of bolus volume. Peak pharyngeal contraction during the return to the resting state postswallow was almost 300 mmHg, again independent of bolus volume. We performed a detailed analysis of deglutitive UES relaxation with a novel HRM system and customized software. The enhanced spatial resolution of HRM allows for the accurate, automated assessment of UES relaxation and intrabolus pressure characteristics, in both cases confirming the volume-dependent effects and absolute values of these parameters previously demonstrated by detailed analysis of concurrent manometry/fluoroscopy data. Normative values were established to aid in future clinical and investigative studies. deglutitive sphincter resistance; relaxation interval; intrabolus pressure IT IS SOMEWHAT IRONIC that although the upper esophageal sphincter (UES) is the most accessible structure of the esophagus, it is in many ways the least well-understood. Several reflex pathways have been described linking the UES to the esophagus and pharynx (15,20,21,23,24) as have age-related changes in contractile vigor (2,7,22,25,31); however, with the exception of belch-related dysfunction (14, 15), none of these observations have yet been linked to pathological conditions. With respect to pathological conditions, the only clear dysfunction of the UES relates to alterations in its response during swallowing, specifically impaired UES opening during swallowing and impaired relaxation during swallow. Impaired opening, manifest as either stenosis with a cricopharyngeal bar or Zenker's diverticulum (5,8,26), is a recognized cause of dysphagia. Impaired relaxation is probably less common but can be related to neurological dysfunction, best characterized in the case of Parkinson's disease (1, 29). Thus, from a clinical perspective, the functional evaluation of the UES must, first an...

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“…Hypopharyngeal amplitude and duration of contractions are increased in the elderly (23) . Ageing prolongs the pharyngeal transit time and the pharyngeal clearance time and causes an increase in the amount of pharyngeal residues (4) . Healthy old persons have low resting UES pressure and delayed UES relaxation after swallowing than young subjects (12) .…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of age on proximal esophageal response to swallowing

Dantas

Alves

Dalmazo

et al. 2010

Arq. Gastroenterol.

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-Context -It has been demonstrated that the ageing process affects esophageal motility. Objectives -To evaluate the effect of the age on the proximal esophageal response to wet swallows. Method -We measured the proximal esophageal response to swallows of a 5 mL bolus of water in 69 healthy volunteers, 20 of them aged 18-30 years (group I), 27 aged 31-50 years (group II), and 22 aged 51-74 years (group III). We used the manometric method with continuous perfusion. The proximal esophageal contractions were recorded 5 cm from a pharyngeal recording site located 1 cm above the upper esophageal sphincter. The time between the onset of the pharyngeal and of the proximal esophageal recording (pharyngeal-esophageal time) and the amplitude, duration and area under the curve of the proximal esophageal contraction were measured. Results -The pharyngeal-esophageal time was shorter in group I subjects than in group II and III subjects (P<0.05). The duration of proximal esophageal contractions was longer in group I than in groups II and III (P<0.001). There was no differences between groups in the amplitude or area under the curve of contractions. There were no differences between groups II and III for any of the measurements. Conclusion -We conclude that the age may affects the response of the proximal esophagus to wet swallows.

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Influence of aging on oral-pharyngeal bolus transit and clearance during swallowing: scintigraphic study

Cited by 83 publications

References 0 publications

Possible interaction of gender and age on human swallowing behavior

Possible interaction of gender and age on human swallowing behavior

Deglutitive upper esophageal sphincter relaxation: a study of 75 volunteer subjects using solid-state high-resolution manometry

Effect of age on proximal esophageal response to swallowing

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