“…Two opening states of the pore have been distinguished, a permanent or long‐lasting state which is associated with cell death, and a transient opening state having a physiological role by providing a pathway to release ROS and calcium from mitochondria which is also regulated by CypD (Elrod et al., 2010; Hausenloy, Wynne, Duchen, & Yellon, 2004; Petronilli et al., 1999). The mPTP is now considered to be central in numerous conditions such as heart, brain, or liver ischemia–reperfusion (Friberg & Wieloch, 2002; Halestrap, 2010; Kim, He, Qian, & Lemasters, 2003; Morin, Hauet, Spedding, & Tillement, 2001; Rauen & de Groot, 2004), drug‐induced liver injury (Jaeschke, McGill, & Ramachandran, 2012), age‐related neurodegenerative diseases (Rao, Carlson, & Yan, 2014), and accumulating data imply the mPTP in organ dysfunction occurring during aging (Hepple, 2016; Rocha‐Rodrigues et al., 2013; Toman & Fiskum, 2011). Conversely, caloric restriction, which is a proven strategy to delay aging and age‐related disease (Balasubramanian, Howell, & Anderson, 2017), is associated with the inhibition of mPTP opening (Amigo, Menezes‐Filho, Luévano‐Martínez, Chausse, & Kowaltowski, 2017; Hofer et al., 2009; Kristal & Yu, 1998; Menezes‐Filho et al., 2017).…”