Influence of aging on arterial compliance

Bortel, Luc M. Van; Spek, Janneke J.

doi:10.1038/sj.jhh.1000669

Cited by 66 publications

(40 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…Ultrasound markers of carotid function are useful surrogates to assess large-artery stiffness. We used the following 4 markers to evaluate elastic properties of the carotid artery (e-Methods): carotid distension, representing the relative stroke change of diameter; cross-sectional distensibility coefficient, determined by stroke change of cross-sectional area relative to pulse pressure, 15 which evaluates elastic properties of large arteries as hollow structures 16 ; Young elastic modulus, representing elastic properties of arterial wall material 17 ; circumferential wall stress, corresponding to tensile stress applied in the tangential direction to the arterial wall to enlarge the lumen. 16 We used brachial oscillometric blood pressure measured during carotid ultrasonography in calculations.…”

Section: Methods Population and Study Design The 3c-dijonmentioning

confidence: 99%

Large-vessel correlates of cerebral small-vessel disease

et al. 2013

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Objective: Our aim was to investigate the relationship of carotid structure and function with MRI markers of cerebral ischemic small-vessel disease.Methods: The study comprised 1,800 participants (aged 72.5 6 4.1 years, 59.4% women) from the 3C-Dijon Study, a population-based, prospective cohort study, who had undergone quantitative brain MRI and carotid ultrasound. We used multivariable logistic and linear regression adjusted for age, sex, and vascular risk factors.Results: Presence of carotid plaque and increasing carotid lumen diameter (but not common carotid artery intima-media thickness) were associated with higher prevalence of lacunar infarcts: odds ratio ( Conclusions: In addition to and independently of carotid plaque, increasing carotid lumen diameter and markers of carotid stiffness were associated with increasing prevalence of lacunar infarcts and increasing WMHV, respectively. Neurology â 2013;80:662-669 GLOSSARY BI 5 brain infarct; CCA 5 common carotid artery; CI 5 confidence interval; IMT 5 intima-media thickness; LI 5 lacunar infarct; L-WMHV 5 large white matter hyperintensity volume; OR 5 odds ratio; SVD 5 small-vessel disease; WMH 5 white matter hyperintensity; WMHV 5 white matter hyperintensity volume.Brain imaging studies have shown that the impact of ischemic brain injury, a major cause of disability, dementia, and mortality in adults, 1 extends much beyond that of acute clinical events such as stroke. Vascular lesions, including MRI-defined brain infarcts (BIs) and white matter hyperintensities (WMH), are frequently observed in older community-dwelling individuals. The prevalence of BIs ranges between 8% and 28% 2,3

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Section: Methods Population and Study Design The 3c-dijonmentioning

confidence: 99%

Large-vessel correlates of cerebral small-vessel disease

et al. 2013

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“…This was supported by the positive correlation between leptin and PP, since decreased C W increases PP and SBP. 44 By performing multiple regression analyses to confirm the above-mentioned results, leptin showed strong associations with SBP and DBP after omitting age from the multiple regression model. Insulin along with leptin both contributed to the increased PP.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 82%

“…16 This is possible since leptin receptors are situated on the endothelium 43 and vascular smooth muscle cells. 44 K Increasing renal sympathetic activity: results in sodium retention and blood pressure elevation. 19 Increases plasma angiotensin II, increasing vasoconstriction and blood pressure.…”

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confidence: 99%

Leptin is independently associated with systolic blood pressure, pulse pressure and arterial compliance in hypertensive African women with increased adiposity: the POWIRS study

et al. 2005

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High leptin levels are often observed in human obesity and are implicated in obesity-related hypertension. Leptin levels have been found to be higher in hypertensive obese African-American women compared to normotensive African-American women, but a direct association between leptin and blood pressure could not be obtained. Additionally, increased adiposity has been associated with higher aortic stiffness in obese African-American women, but leptin was not included in the study. The effects of leptin on cardiovascular function in African women have not yet been determined. We hypothesised that leptin is directly associated with blood pressure and decreased arterial compliance and that leptin levels are significantly higher in hypertensive overweight/obese African women compared to normotensive overweight/obese African women. A case-case control study was performed which included 98 African women. The subjects were divided into lean normotensive (lean NT), overweight/obese normotensive (OW/OB NT) and overweight/obese hypertensive (OW/OB HT). The Finometer apparatus was used to obtain a more elaborate cardiovascular profile. Serum leptin and insulin levels as well as the HOMA-IR index were determined. Various anthropometric measures were obtained. Leptin levels were elevated (Pp0.05) in the OW/OB NT and HT groups compared to the lean NT group, but were similar in the OW/OB NT and HT groups. After adjusting for obesity, insulin resistance, hyperinsulinaemia and age, a direct positive correlation was obtained between leptin and systolic blood pressure (SBP) (Pp0.05; r ¼ 0.68) in the OW/OB HT group. Additionally, leptin also correlated negatively with arterial compliance (Pp0.05; r ¼ À0.76) and positively with pulse pressure (Pp0.05; r ¼ 0.71) in the OW/OB HT group. In conclusion, even though leptin levels were the same in OW/OB HT and NT African women, leptin was directly and positively associated with SBP and pulse pressure and negatively with C W only in OW/OB HT African women, independent of obesity, insulin-resistance, hyperinsulinaemia and age.

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“…9,[17][18][19] This provides a good rationale for incorporating the evaluation of arterial compliance into the comprehensive cardiovascular examination of the patient with increased cardiovascular risk. We have shown earlier that TAC is closely related to cardiovascular risk factors 4 and that there is incremental benefit in measuring TAC rather than just pulse pressure.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A comparison of methods for assessing total arterial compliance

et al. 2010

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There are several methods of assessing total arterial compliance (TAC) based on the two element Windkessel model, which is a ratio of pressure and volume, but the optimal technique is unclear. In this study, three methods of estimating TAC were compared to determine which was the most robust in a large group of patients with and without cardiovascular risk. In all, 320 patients (170 men; age 55 ± 10) were studied; TAC was determined by the pulse-pressure method (PPM), the area method (AM) and the stroke volume/pulse-pressure method (SVPP). We obtained arterial waveforms using radial applanation tonometry, dimensions using two-dimensional echocardiography and flow data by Doppler. Clinical data, risk factors, echo parameters and TAC by all three methods were then compared. TAC (ml mm Hg -1 ) by the PPM was 1.24±0.51, by the AM 1.84±0.90 and by the SVPP 1.96±0.76 (Po0.0001 between groups). Correlation was good between all methods: PPM/AM r ¼ 0.83, PPM/SVPP r ¼ 0.94 and AM/SVPP r ¼ 0.80 (all Po0.0001). Subgroup analysis showed significant differences between patients with and those without cardiovascular risk for all three methods; TAC-AM and TAC-SVPP values were similar and significantly higher than TAC-PPM. The only significant relationships observed with TAC and echo parameters were in left ventricular (LV) septal thickness (R 2 ¼ 0.07; Po0.0001) and LV mass (R 2 ¼ 0.04; P ¼ 0.004). Normal and abnormal values of TAC vary according to method, which should be expressed. Each of the techniques shows good correlation with each other, however, values for TAC-PPM are significantly lower. TAC-PPM and TAC-SVPP are comparable in determining differences between groups with and without cardiovascular risk.

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Influence of aging on arterial compliance

Cited by 66 publications

References 24 publications

Large-vessel correlates of cerebral small-vessel disease

Large-vessel correlates of cerebral small-vessel disease

Leptin is independently associated with systolic blood pressure, pulse pressure and arterial compliance in hypertensive African women with increased adiposity: the POWIRS study

A comparison of methods for assessing total arterial compliance

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