Influence of age and menopausal status on pathologic and biologic features of breast cancer

Zavagno, G.; Meggiolaro, F.; Pluchinotta, Alfonso M.; Bozza, Fernando A.; Favretti, Franco; Marconato, R.; Geraci, G.; Nistri, R; Fontana, Paolo; Sorrentino, Paolo; Lumachi, Franco; Toniato, Antonio; Róssi, Carlo; Lise, Mario

doi:10.1054/brst.1999.0147

Cited by 15 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…Our finding shows that 17.4% of patients were above 60 years of age, which is the mean age of diagnosis in African American (60.8 years) and in white Americans (62.4 years). It has been reported that the occurrence of breast cancer at young age is associated with a worst prognosis and thus prognosis improves with age, with the best prognosis in patients over 75 years [20]. Similar findings were also seen in Nigeria and Senegal where the mean age at diagnosis was 44.8, with majority of tumors being of high grade, associated with advanced age and lymph node involvement [21].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 64%

Pathological features of Breast Cancer seen in Northwestern Tanzania: a nine years retrospective study

et al. 2011

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BackgroundBreast cancer is more common in Western Countries compared to African populations. However in African population, it appears that the disease tends to be more aggressive and occurring at a relatively young age at the time of presentation. The aim of this study was to describe the trend of Breast Cancer in Northwestern Tanzania.MethodsThis was a retrospective study which involved all cases of breast cancer diagnosed histologically at Bugando Medical Center from 2002 to 2010. Histological results and slides were retrieved from the records in the Pathology department, clinical information and demographic data for patients were retrieved from surgical wards and department of medical records. Histology slides were re-evaluated for the histological type, grade (By modified Bloom-Richardson score), and presence of necrosis and skin involvement. Data was entered and analyzed by SPSS computer software version 15.FindingsThere were 328 patients histologically confirmed to have breast cancer, the mean age at diagnosis was 48.7 years (+/- 13.1). About half of the patients (52.4%) were below 46 years of age, and this group of patients had significantly higher tendency for lymph node metastasis (p = 0.012). The tumor size ranged from 1 cm to 18 cm in diameter with average (mean) of 5.5 cm (+/- 2.5), and median size of 6 cm. Size of the tumor (above 6 cm in diameter) and presence of necrosis within the tumor was significantly associated with high rate of lymph node metastasis (p = 0.000). Of all patients, 64% were at clinical stage III (specifically IIIB) and 70.4% had lymph node metastasis at the time of diagnosis. Only 4.3% of the patients were in clinical stage I at the time of diagnosis. Majority of the patients had invasive ductal carcinoma (91.5%) followed by mucinous carcinoma (5.2%), Invasive lobular carcinoma (3%) and in situ ductal carcinoma (0.3%). In all patients, 185 (56.4%) had tumor with histological grade 3.ConclusionBreast cancer in this region show a trend towards relative young age at diagnosis with advanced stage at diagnosis and high rate of lymph node metastasis. Poor Referral system, lack of screening programs and natural aggressive biological behavior of tumor may contribute to advanced disease at the time of diagnosis.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 64%

Pathological features of Breast Cancer seen in Northwestern Tanzania: a nine years retrospective study

et al. 2011

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“…Younger women presented with lower expression levels of ER and PR (25% lower for ER, P < 0.01 and 10% lower for PR, P = 0.03), and higher levels of Ki-67 and P53 overexpression (10% higher for Ki-67, P = 0.01 and 13% higher for P53, P < 0.01) compared with women in the older group. Another study evaluated the influence of both age and menopausal status on several prognostic biomarkers in 1226 patients with operable primary breast cancer ( 254 ). Patients were divided into four groups: ≤40 years, premenopausal >40 years, postmenopausal <75 years and ≥75 years.…”

Section: The Relevance Of Aging and Lifestyle For Cancer Biomarker Prmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Phenomic Perspective on Factors Influencing Breast Cancer Treatment: Integrating Aging and Lifestyle in Blood and Tissue Biomarker Profiling

et al. 2021

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Breast cancer is the most common malignancy among women worldwide. Over the last four decades, diagnostic and therapeutic procedures have improved substantially, giving patients with localized disease a better chance of cure, and those with more advanced cancer, longer periods of disease control and survival. However, understanding and managing heterogeneity in the clinical response exhibited by patients remains a challenge. For some treatments, biomarkers are available to inform therapeutic options, assess pathological response and predict clinical outcomes. Nevertheless, some measurements are not employed universally and lack sensitivity and specificity, which might be influenced by tissue-specific alterations associated with aging and lifestyle. The first part of this article summarizes available and emerging biomarkers for clinical use, such as measurements that can be made in tumor biopsies or blood samples, including so-called liquid biopsies. The second part of this article outlines underappreciated factors that could influence the interpretation of these clinical measurements and affect treatment outcomes. For example, it has been shown that both adiposity and physical activity can modify the characteristics of tumors and surrounding tissues. In addition, evidence shows that inflammaging and immunosenescence interact with treatment and clinical outcomes and could be considered prognostic and predictive factors independently. In summary, changes to blood and tissues that reflect aging and patient characteristics, including lifestyle, are not commonly considered clinically or in research, either for practical reasons or because the supporting evidence base is developing. Thus, an aim of this article is to encourage an integrative phenomic approach in oncology research and clinical management.

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“…Some authors stated that HER-2 overexpression is more frequent in young women, as evidenced by Sidoni et al 30 in their retrospective analysis of 806 patients affected by breast cancer, but other authors did not find HER-2 overexpression to be a prognostic factor dependent on young age. 31 …”

Section: Survivalmentioning

confidence: 99%

Patients younger than 40years old and older than 70years old affected by ER(−)/PR(−)/HER2(−) breast cancer have low survival rates: Results of a mono-institutional retrospective analysis

Sanpaolo

Barbieri

Genovesi

et al. 2012

Journal of Geriatric Oncology

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Influence of age and menopausal status on pathologic and biologic features of breast cancer

Cited by 15 publications

References 24 publications

Pathological features of Breast Cancer seen in Northwestern Tanzania: a nine years retrospective study

Pathological features of Breast Cancer seen in Northwestern Tanzania: a nine years retrospective study

A Phenomic Perspective on Factors Influencing Breast Cancer Treatment: Integrating Aging and Lifestyle in Blood and Tissue Biomarker Profiling

Patients younger than 40years old and older than 70years old affected by ER(−)/PR(−)/HER2(−) breast cancer have low survival rates: Results of a mono-institutional retrospective analysis

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