Influence of aerodynamic forces in ice shedding

Computation of Ice Shedding Trajectories Using Cartesian Grids, Penalization, and Level Sets

“…At the end of the break-up process, an ice piece will have a definite shape, a translational velocity, and a rotational velocity that becomes input for the trajectory calculations, see [9,14]. Although some researchers have proposed models [26], these models are not commonly accepted and used to predict ice break up by the aircraft icing community.…”

“…Using (14), particles are displaced with a fourth-order Runge-Kutta time-stepping scheme (Figure 2(b)). From the new vortex particles's locations, the vorticity field is remeshed on the grid by means of an interpolation procedure (Figure 2(c)).…”

“…Once the piece of ice break up, it simply leaves the computational domain, and no calculation of its trajectory is done. Stresses in accreted ice caused by aerodynamic forces have been studied by Scavuzzo et al [14], and an ice failure criterion [15] based on both normal and shear interface stresses has been used in a finite elements code to simulate the electroimpulse deicing process of aircraft wings.…”

FEM analysis of in-flight ice break-up

“…Stresses that develop in the accreted ice and at the metal-ice bond during normal operation are caused by the following sources: 1) direct loading of aerodynamic forces acting on the ice; 2) inertia forces in the case of rotating propellers or blades; 3) thermal stresses developed due to expansion and shrinkage of ice due to temperature variation in the accreted ice; 4) flexing of the aerodynamic surface caused by structural vibration and aerodynamic forces [7]. In the present ice break-up study, only the direct loading of aerodynamic pressure and inertia forces are considered.…”

“…An experimental investigation on aerodynamically-induced fracture of ice from the space shuttle was carried out by Hardy and coworkers [22]. In addition, the influence of aerodynamic forces in ice-shedding was studied by Scavuzzo and coworkers [7]. A parametric investigation of ice shedding from aircraft is carried out by Michael and coworkers [23].…”