Influence of Addition Spirulina Platensis Algae Powder on Reproductive and Productive Performance of Dairy Zaraibi Goats

Abstract

he current work studied the addition of Spirulina platensis powder (SPP) to dairy nanny goat rations on the reproductive and productive performance. Fourteen dairy Zaraibi goats with an average body weight of 36.00 kg at 33.43 months of age were used in this study. The Zaraibi nanny goats were distributed randomly in two groups (n=7 in each). The first group control (G1) was fed concentrate feed mixture (CFM) plus roughage as Egyptian berseem hay (BH) and rice straws (RS) plus orally empty rice paper sack / head /day. While, the second group (G2) was serviced as trial group and nourished previous control ration plus 500 mg of SPP stuffed into rice paper sack given orally/ head / day. Experimental diet was offered to either G1 or G2 twenty-one days pre-breeding season till postnatal to study reproductive performance. After postnatal, similarly eight does in parity rate (n=4 in each) were selected from later G1 and G2 and continued to fed last rations to study changing in udder measurements, suckling milk amount, variable in body weight of does and their kids, milk yield and blood metabolites.The results indicated that litter size and the quaternary rate were lower values in G1 than G2. Moreover, reproductive parameters in G2 have booster (P<0.05) udder formation than G1 during suckling months. The highest (P<0.05) values of suckling milk observed in G2 at all suckling months compared to G1. The highest (P<0.05) suckling milk energy obtained with G2 compared to G1 that may be attributed to difference (P<0.05) percentage values of fat and protein. The growth rate and daily weight gain of does in G2 and their kids achieved greater weight than does in G1 during suckling months. Based on early seven weeks (peak lactation curve) of milk yield, does in G2 showed significantly (P<0.05) higher milk yield through first three weeks, but the lactation curve during another four weeks declines almost similar trend (P>0.05) in milk yield compared to G1. Also, blood biochemical parameters e.g. total protein and glucose in G2 had significantly (P<0.05) higher than G1. However, G1 had greater (P<0.05) in cholesterol, triglycerides, AST and ALT concentration than those does in G2. Intriguingly, there was no significant difference in the concentrations of urea among goats in G1 and G2. Also, the present results revealed that lower feed cost of milk production was 1.45 L.E in G2 compared to G1 group (1.84 L.E). The present study clearly demonstrates that the SPP could be incorporated in diets as an increment of milking production and non-specific resistance of organism.

Effect of adding Spirulina platensis algae to small ruminant rations on productive, reproductive traits and some blood components

“…Yaakob, Ali, Zainal, Mohamad and Takriff (2014) reported that Spirulina has been commonly used in food supplements due to its exceptional nutrient compositions and digestibility, also showed that the Spirulina has shown considerable effectiveness and increased milk production. Khalifa et al (2016) found that the overall means of milk production throughout seven weeks of lactation was statistically significant (p <0.05) higher in the group fed Spirulina during the first three weeks of lactation. While, advancing of lactation curve another four weeks Zaraibi does in the Spirulina group was appeared non-significantly booster in milk harvest than does in the control group.…”

“…Jameson (2020) stated that meeting the rapid increase in energy and protein requirements of ewes during the last eight weeks of pregnancy via good nutritional management, assure that mortality is increased in lambs with a low weight at birth and/or those born to poor body condition's ewe. Khalifa et al (2016) recorded positive correlation coefficients between feeding and does body weight, kids' body weight, udder size, suckling milk flow and energy of suckling milk. They also observed that the noticed improvement in milk yield of does fed SP ration was associated with increasing growth rate of dams and their kids (Vishnu & Sumathi, 2014, Akporhuarho, 2015Hafez et al, 2015).…”

“…Thus, from an economic point of view, it is clear that adding Spirulina to the diets of ewes positively enhanced the economic efficiency for the treated group from 1.28 (Control) to 1.96%. From an economic point of view, Khalifa et al (2016) found that the cost of kg milk was the lowest (1.45 L.E) for the doe in the SP group and the highest (1.84 L.E) for the control does. Interestingly, such trend was reflected in the highest economic efficiency (%) of milk production 55.96 and 44.15 in the SP group followed by those in the control group, respectively.…”

“…The beneficial effects of additive SP related to the highest protein (El-Sabagh, Abd Eldaim, Mahboub, & Abdel-Daim, 2014), vitamin as β-carotene (Meza-Herrera et al, 2014), minerals mixture (Ahmad Fazel et al, 2014) and energy (Kumar, De, Saxena, & Naqvi, 2015). Khalifa et al (2016) found that Zaraibi kids at birth in Spirulina group nanny goats showed significant (p <0.05) higher average body weight than kids patronage by the control group as a result of improvement in milk production (quality and quantity). The last authors added that feeding of SP to pregnant does provide adequate energy, protein, minerals, vitamins to support embryonic, fetal growth, maintenance of metabolic processes, mammary gland growth, colostrum and milk yield.…”

A Field Trial on the Effect of Propylene Glycol on Dairy Nanny Goats Welfare During Critical Transition Stages

“…Samples of suckling milk from each goat were collected up to 90 days after parturition. Then, the amount of suckling milk was estimated by oxytocin method that described by Khalifa et al (2016B).…”