Influence of accelerator/sulphur and co-agent/peroxide ratios in mixed vulcanisation systems on cure characteristics, mechanical properties and heat aging resistance of vulcanised SBR

Naebpetch, Weerawut; Junhasavasdikul, Banja; Saetung, Anuwat; Tulyapitak, Tulyapong; Nithi‐Uthai, Nattapong

doi:10.1080/14658011.2016.1244029

Cited by 12 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 26 publications

(37 reference statements)

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“…The main reaction during heat aging is oxidative that may cause chain scission, crosslinking or polymer interphase modification. Crosslink type contributes to the aging resistance because they have different bonding energy (Naebpetch et al, 2016). Polysulfide linkage (C-S x -S, with x>2) has the lower bonding energy thus prone to degrade when expose to prolong heat or oxidative reaction.…”

Section: Mechanical Properties Of the Solementioning

confidence: 99%

Characteristics of natural rubber/latex compound waste (NR/LCW) blends in the perspective of shoe soles application

Indrajati¹,

Setyorini²,

Kumalasari³

2019

MKKP

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Being difficult to degrade, latex compound waste (LCW) should be handled carefully. In this study the possibility of application of LCW for shoe sole was evaluated. LCW was derived from latex-based industry from local factory. It was blended with natural rubber (NR) with the ratio ranging from 100/0; 90/10; 80/20; 70/30; 60/40 and 50/50. Cure characteristics and mechanical properties including tensile strength, elongation at break, hardness and tear strength, were measured before and after aging. Abrasion loss and slip resistance were also taken account. The results finding showed that crosslink density of the NR/LCW blends were higher than of control. Mechanical properties of the blends were greatly affected by crosslink density. Compared to control, the NR/LCW blends provided lower tensile and elongation, but higher in tear strength, hardness and abrasion loss. Heat aging tended to decrease the mechanical properties. LCW improved the coefficient of friction (CoF).

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Section: Mechanical Properties Of the Solementioning

confidence: 99%

Characteristics of natural rubber/latex compound waste (NR/LCW) blends in the perspective of shoe soles application

Indrajati¹,

Setyorini²,

Kumalasari³

2019

MKKP

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“…Worldwide, sulfur is the most frequently used vulcanizing agent for NR due to its ability to form covalent sulfur bonds between the elastomeric chains, which give the sulfur vulcanizate excellent elastic and dynamic properties, and high tensile and tear strength. However, NR products vulcanized with sulfur exhibit some drawbacks such as their low heat-aging resistance and poor thermo-oxidative stability [ 4 , 5 ]; additionally, once reaching their useful life, it is well known that these materials cannot be burned due to their sulfur content, so if not properly handled, they can create serious environmental problems [ 6 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Single-Walled Carbon Nanotubes on the Cross-Linking Process in Natural Rubber Vulcanization

et al. 2022

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In this study, the effect of single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs) on the cross-linking of natural rubber (NR) using organic peroxides was investigated. NR-SWCNTs nanocomposites were prepared in an open two-roller mill followed by vulcanization with the compression molding process. Three different organic peroxides, 1,1-bis(tert-butylperoxy)-3,3,5-trimethylcyclohexane (T29), dicumyl peroxide (DCP), and 2,5-bis(tert-butylperoxy)-2,5-dimethyl-3-hexyne (T145), were used as vulcanizing agents. SWCNTs promote a remarkable reduction in the vulcanization time and increase the degree of cross-linking of vulcanized rubber when compared with neat or natural rubber–carbon-black composites; the same tendency was obtained in the NR-SWCNTs vulcanized with sulfur. Additionally, the mechanical performance of the NR-SWCNTs composites was significantly improved up to 75, 83, 27, and 10% for tensile strength, moduli, tear strength, and hardness. Raman spectroscopy studies evidence the occurrence of reaction between nanotube walls and free radicals generated from using organic peroxides during the vulcanization process. These results demonstrate that the incorporation of SWCNTs in combination with the use of organic peroxides for the NR vulcanization represents a potential alternative for the improvement of the physicochemical properties of NR composites.

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“…The process results in the formation of carbon-carbon bonds between macromolecular chains. Due to the strong thermal stability of C-C bonds, which is their main advantage, peroxide cured vulcanizates exhibit high-temperature ageing resistance and low compression set at elevated temperatures (Naebpetch et al 2016).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Microstructure-properties of dynamically vulcanized mengkuang leaf fibre/ethylene vinyl acetate/natural rubber thermoplastic elastomer composites

Hashim

Surya

Rusli

et al. 2022

BioRes

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Thermoplastic elastomer composites based on ethylene vinyl acetate (EVA), natural rubber (NR), and Mengkuang leaf fibre were prepared using the sulfur and peroxide vulcanization systems. Different curing systems and fibre loadings affecting the processing torque, tensile, thermal, and morphology of the composites were investigated. Addition of Mengkuang leaf fibre resulted in poor fibre dispersion and agglomeration in the matrix, which may have affected the efficiency of stress transfer and thus could explain a decline in tensile and thermal properties. Composites with dynamic vulcanization showed a rougher surface that might be due to the presence of crosslinking, which requires more force to fail. The increase in stabilization torque for the composites with dynamic vulcanization was observed due to the addition of curing agents, which implies some changes at the molecular level due to crosslinking. Tensile properties of Mengkuang leaf fibre filled EVA/NR composites indicated that the tensile strength, elongation at break, and Young’s modulus of the peroxide cure system were higher than the sulfur cure system and unvulcanised composites. The sulphur cure system showed better resistance towards thermal degradation compared to the peroxide cure system. This was attributed to dicumyl peroxide (DCP), which degrades the polymer chain or the composites at high temperature.

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Influence of accelerator/sulphur and co-agent/peroxide ratios in mixed vulcanisation systems on cure characteristics, mechanical properties and heat aging resistance of vulcanised SBR

Cited by 12 publications

References 26 publications

Characteristics of natural rubber/latex compound waste (NR/LCW) blends in the perspective of shoe soles application

Characteristics of natural rubber/latex compound waste (NR/LCW) blends in the perspective of shoe soles application

Effect of Single-Walled Carbon Nanotubes on the Cross-Linking Process in Natural Rubber Vulcanization

Microstructure-properties of dynamically vulcanized mengkuang leaf fibre/ethylene vinyl acetate/natural rubber thermoplastic elastomer composites

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