Influence of A-site nonstoichiometry on sintering, microstructure and electrical properties of (Bi0.5Na0.5)TiO3 ceramics

Properties of 0.96(Bi0.5Na0.5)TiO3-(0.04-x)BaTiO3-xLiNbO3 Lead-Free Piezoceramics Near Morphotropic Phase Boundary

“…This kind of space charges existed in many BNT-based ceramics (Zuo et al 2008;Cernea et al 2010;Lin and Kwok 2010), which is also severed as charged vacancies. It has been proved that the space charges are produced by A-site deficiency (Zuo et al 2008). And it could also be existed in the stoichiometric composition as A-site cations volatilize at high temperature.…”

Reactive sintering and piezoelectric properties of 0.94Bi_0.5Na_0.5TiO₃–0.06BaTiO₃ ceramics with ZnO additive

“…Pb(Zr,Ti)O 3 or PZT families] are widely used, however, many problems are suggested during the manufacturing and after the use because of the toxicity of lead. Among the many studies about lead-free piezoelectric ceramics, bismuth sodium titanate (Bi 0.5 Na 0.5 TiO 3 , BNT) is promising due to its high Curie temperature of 320°C, 1), 2) relatively high piezoelectric constant of d 33 = 72.9 pC/N, 3) facile processing, and so on. Takenaka et al 4) reported that much higher piezoelectricity was obtained for Bi 0.5 Na 0.5 TiO 3 BaTiO 3 (BNT BT) solid solutions; there is a morphotropic phase boundary (MPB) around the 0.94BNT0.06BT composition, which showed the maximum piezoelectricity (d 33 = 125 pC/N).…”

The effect of firing temperatures on phase formation, microstructure and dielectric properties of Bi0.5(Na0.74K0.16Li0.10)0.5TiO3 ceramics synthesized via the combustion route

“…However, because of its high coercive field (E c ¼ 73 kV/mm) and relatively large conductivity, pure BNT is difficult to be poled and is limited in its typical applications [2]. This is because both Bi and Na at the A-site of ABO 3 perovskite tend to evaporate during sintering at high temperature.…”

“…Many researchers have attempted to improve BNT-properties by selecting some cation substituted on the A-site of a BNT system [4][5][6][7][8][9][10]. Yang et al [5] studied the effects of K substituted to Na at the A-site of BNT perovskite in a range of 10-20 mol% on crystal structure, microstructure and electrical properties.…”