Influence of a health technology assessment on the use of pediatric cochlear implantation in Kazakhstan

Abstract

Abstract2018 Fellowship of Postgraduate Medicine Objective: To evaluate the influence of a health technology assessment (HTA) on pediatric cochlear implantation (CI) in Kazakhstan and to provide a further perspective on the use of the technology in that country. Ideally, children should be implanted as young as possible, have adequate rehabilitation, and be integrated into the regular school system. Methods: Administrative data for 2013-2016 relevant to pediatric CI in Kazakhstan were obtained from the Ministry of Health and from a survey of authorities in the 16 regions of the country. The data were compared with those for 2007-2012 used in preparation of the HTA report. Results: Funding continued to be available only for unilateral CI, a clinical protocol for the procedure was finalized and availability of equipment for audiological screening had improved considerably. In Kazakhstan the proportion of children over 5 years old at implantation had decreased by 65%, while that for children less than 2 years old had increased from 12 to 35%. Rehabilitation of children post-implantation was limited by the small numbers of suitable specialists. There was an increase in numbers of children enrolled in schools for those with moderate or profound hearing impairment. The number of children educated in standard schools remains low. Conclusion: The HTA made a useful contribution to the development of cochlear implantation services in Kazakhstan. The shortage of specialists for provision of rehabilitation and the limited placement of implanted children in general schools are matters for government decision -makers to consider.

Machine learning classificatory as a tool in the diagnosis of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis using diffusion tensor imaging parameters collected with 1.5T MRI scanner: A case study

“…Recently, ML has been increasingly used in evidence-based medicine (EBM). EBM-is an experimental pool based on hypotheses and protocol experiments with well-defined populations and pre-selected variables, which is largely based on conventional statistical models [21][22][23]. In contrast, a form of artificial intelligence such as ML does not require a specific hypothesis and protocols, but transforms existing knowledge and data into algorithms, identifying patterns among several variables that are not defined in advance.…”

Performance criteria for vocational training of physical education teachers

“…The priority national values that determine the social and economic policies of civilized countries are health and the formation of a healthy way of life (Çera, 2022). The health of a nation is an indicator of the maturity, culture and success of the state (Kosherbayeva et al, 2018). Social development and global changes in economics, culture and science have led to urbanization, informatization, industrialization and a significant decline in human activity.…”

Some Aspects of Emotional Functioning in Hard-of-Hearing Students

“…In terms of world practice, there has been, on the one hand, increasing engagement of the international scientific community in problems related to learners with special educational needs [15]. What is more, based on a structured literature review carried out in the field of deaf education research, [16] outlined that, owing to the shared understanding on the interrelatedness of social interactions and emotional health, social skills interventions and programs for children and youth with hearing loss tend to address both the academic and socioemotional needs?…”