Influence of a Breakdown Ignition System on Performance and Emission Characteristics

Ziegler, G.; Wagner, Eberhard; Saggau, B.; Maly, R.; Herden, W.

doi:10.4271/840992

Cited by 33 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…The electric spark discharge process is very complicated as it is related to electrodes spacing, capacitance, resistance and many other factors. Maly et al [3][4][5][6] divided the discharge process into four stages, pre-breakdown phase, breakdown phase, arc phase and glow phase. Usually the capacitor stored energy was taken as the electric spark energy.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Electric ignition energy evaluation and the energy distribution structure of energy released in electrostatic discharge process

et al. 2017

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The detail structure of energy output and the dynamic characteristics of electric spark discharge process have been studied to calculate the energy of electric spark induced plasma under different discharge condition accurately. By using spark discharge test system, a series of electric spark discharge experiments were conducted with the capacitor stored energy in the range of 10J, 100J, and 1000J, respectively. And the resistance of wire, switch, and plasma between electrodes were evaluated by different methods. An optimized method for electric resistance evaluation of the full discharge circuit, three poles switch and electric spark induced plasma during the discharge process was put forward. The electric energy consumed by wire, electric switch and electric spark induced plasma between electrodes were obtained by Joule's law. The structure of energy distribution and the dynamic process of energy release during the capacitor discharge process have been studied. Experiments results showed that, with the increase of capacitor released energy, the duration of discharge process becomes longer, and the energy of plasma accounts for more in the capacitor released energy. The dynamic resistance of plasma and three poles switch obtained by energy conversation law is more precise than that obtained by the parameters of electric current oscillation during the discharge process.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Electric ignition energy evaluation and the energy distribution structure of energy released in electrostatic discharge process

et al. 2017

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“…In other words, attempting to determine the optimum spark power, energy and/or duration. These include studiesof the effect of long duration sparks [5,8,9], multiple sparks [10] and shortduration sparks [5,6,8,[11][12][13][14]. Of specific interestin the study reported in this paper is the effect of shortduration, breakdown sparks.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In 1984, Zieg!er et al [14] reported on a comparison between an experimental breakdown ignition system and a conventional transistorized coil ignition system in a production four-cylinder engine. The delivered spark energy and the electrode spacing were the same for both ignition systems.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Spark ignited turbulent flame kernel growth. Annual report, January--December 1991

Santavicca¹

1994

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An experimental study of the effect of spark power on the growth rate of spark-ignited flame kernels was conducted in a turbulent flow system at 1 atm, 300 K conditions. All measurements were made with premixed, propane-air at a fuel/air equivalence ratio of 0.93, with 0%, 8% or 14% dilution. Two flow conditions were studied: a low turbulence intensity case with a mean velocity of 1.25 m/sec and a turbulence intensity of 0.33 m/sec, and a high turbulence intensity case with a mean velocity of 1.04 m/sec and a turbulence intensity of 0.88 m/sec. The growth of the spark-ignited flame kernel was recorded over a time interval from 83/lsec to 20 msec following the start of ignition using high speed laser shadowgraphy. In order to evaluate the effect of ignition spark power, tests were conducted with a long duration (-4 msec) inductive discharge ignition system with an average spark power of-14 watts and two short duration (- .-100 nsec) breakdown ignition systems with average spark powers of-6 x 104 and-6 x 105 watts. The results showed that increased spark power resulted in an increased growth rate, where the effect of short duration breakdown sparks was found to persist for times of the order of milliseconds. The effectiveness of increased spark power was found to be less at high turbulence and high dilution conditions. Increased spark power had a greater effect on the 0-5 mm burn time than on the 5-13 mm burn time, in part because of the effect of breakdown energy on the initial size of the flame kernel. And finally, when spark power was increased by shortening the spark duration while keeping the effective energy the same there was a significant increase in the misfire rate, however when the spark power was further increased by increasing the breakdown energy the misfire rate dropped to zero.

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“…This fringe pattern may be digitized with a CCD camera and processed as described below. The light intensity distribution in a fringe pattern may be described by: (1) where I 0 (x, y) is the background intensity and m(x, y) is the local fringe contrast. The optical phase difference is related to the heating of the gas by:…”

Section: Optical Measurementsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Previous studies have shown the importance of the initial phases of combustion on the stability, efficiency and emissions of internal combustion engines [1][2][3][4]. The geometry of the spark plug and characteristics of the ignition system play important roles in the initiation of combustion.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Spark Heat Transfer Measurements in Flowing Gases

Verhoeven

1997

Rev. Inst. Fr. Pét.

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RƒSUMƒ DES TRANSFERTS DE CHALEUR ENTRE UNE ƒTINCELLE DÕALLUMAGE ET DES ƒCOULEMENTS GAZEUXË partir de techniques basŽes sur lÕinterfŽromŽtrie holographique, lÕŽnergie totale transfŽrŽe par une Žtincelle aux gaz environnants a ŽtŽ mesurŽe en faisant varier la gŽomŽtrie des Žlectrodes de la bougie dÕallumage, la vitesse des gaz, la pression et le temps de charge de la bobine, cette derni•re Žtant un mod•le standard pour automobile. Pour les diffŽrentes combinaisons et valeurs des param•tres ŽtudiŽs, il a ŽtŽ observŽ une variation du "rendement dÕŽtincelle" (rapport entre lÕŽnergie transmise aux gaz par lÕŽtincelle ˆ lÕŽnergie Žlectrique fournie ˆ la bougie) allant de 20 ˆ 60 %. Pour des conditions rŽelles de fonctionnement dans un moteur, on peut estimer que lÕŽnergie transmise aux gaz par le syst•me dÕallumage est voisine de 30 mJ. Il est aussi montrŽ comment ces mesures de lÕŽnergie totale transfŽrŽe aux gaz, peuvent •tre exploitŽes pour caractŽriser en fonction du temps, la puissance transmise dans lÕŽtincelle gŽnŽrŽe par un syst•me standard dÕallumage inductif. SPARK HEAT TRANSFER MEASUREMENTS IN FLOWING GASESUsing a technique based on holographic interferometry, the total energy transferred from a spark to the surrounding gases was measured for a number of spark plug electrode geometries, flow velocities, gas pressures and coil charge times. A standard automotive ignition coil was used. For the combinations of parameter values studied, we observed "spark efficiencies" (ratio of the energy in the gas heated by the spark to the electrical energy supplied to the spark plug) of from 20 to 60 percent. For realistic engine conditions we estimate the quantity of energy transferred to the gas by our ignition system to be roughly 30 mJ. We show how these measurements of total energy transferred to the gas can be used to estimate the spark power vs. time characteristic of a standard inductive ignition system. MEDICIîN DE LAS TRANSFERENCIAS DE CALOR ENTRE UNA CHISPA DE ENCENDIDO Y LOS FLUJOS GASEOSOSTomando como punto de partida las tŽcnicas fundadas en la interferometr'a hologr ‡fica, se ha procedido a la medici-n de la energ'a total transferida por una chispa a los gases circundantes, haciendo variar la geometr'a de los electrodos de la buj'a de encendido, la velocidad de los gases, la presi-n y el tiempo de carga de la bobina, correspondiendo est ‡ oeltima a un modelo est ‡ndar para autom-vil. Se ha observado, para las distintas combinaciones y valores de los par ‡metros estudiados, una variaci-n del "rendimiento de la chispa" (relaci-n entre la energ'a transmitida a los gases por la chispa a la energ'a elŽctrica suministrada a la buj'a) que oscila entre un 20 y un 60 %. Operando en condiciones reales de funcionamiento de un motor, se puede considerar que la energ'a transmitida a los gases por el sistema de encendido, se aproxima de los 30 mJ. TambiŽn se indica c-mo estas mediciones de la energ'a total transferida a los gases pueden ser aprovechadas para caracterizar, en funci-n del tiempo, la potencia transmitida en ...

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Influence of a Breakdown Ignition System on Performance and Emission Characteristics

Cited by 33 publications

References 12 publications

Electric ignition energy evaluation and the energy distribution structure of energy released in electrostatic discharge process

Electric ignition energy evaluation and the energy distribution structure of energy released in electrostatic discharge process

Spark ignited turbulent flame kernel growth. Annual report, January--December 1991

Spark Heat Transfer Measurements in Flowing Gases

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