Influence des solvants sur la copolymerisation de l'acide acrylique avec l'acrylonitrile et l'acrylamide

Chapiró, A.; Dulieu, J.; Mankowski, Z.; Schmitt, N.

doi:10.1016/0014-3057(89)90104-3

Cited by 8 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 8 publications

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“…Few investigations have been performed on the polymerization of acrylamide without the use of solvent or a dispersing liquid. We could divide the bulk polymerization of acrylamide into the following subsections: catalytic and thermal polymerization4, 5; radiation‐induced solid‐state polymerization at normal pressure6–11 and radiation‐induced solid‐state polymerization at high pressure 12–16…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Thermal and kinetic study of radical polymerization I. Melt state bulk polymerization of acrylamide by DSC

Mahdavian

Zandi

2003

J of Applied Polymer Sci

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Radical-initiated bulk polymerization of acrylamide in the presence of potassium persulfate in the melt phase has been investigated by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). The method presented here has been carried out in isothermal condition. This not only saves energy and time but also has some less probable side effects. Side effects such as evaporation and imidization could affect the final yield and properties of the obtained product. Different temperatures have been examined for isothermal polymerization to find out the optimum temperature with complete conversion of acrylamide to its corresponding polymer. During the polymerization process, high-molecular-weight polyacrylamide is being produced without any significant loss in total yield. The molecular weight was determined by inherent viscosity measurement. Also, no side reaction such as imidization resulting in partial insolubility or crosslinked product was being observed. It is noteworthy that we believe DSC studies show the existence of living radicals that has not been reported before.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Thermal and kinetic study of radical polymerization I. Melt state bulk polymerization of acrylamide by DSC

Mahdavian

Zandi

2003

J of Applied Polymer Sci

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“…Due to their pH-dependent ionization, carboxylic acid-functional comonomers such as acrylic acid (AA) or methacrylic acid (MAA) may (i) impart pH-responsiveness and negative charges to hydrophilic polymers, (ii) tune the transition temperature of lower critical solution temperature (LCST)- or upper critical solution temperature (UCST)-type polymers, (iii) impact the aggregation extent, and morphology of self-assembled amphiphilic block copolymers and (iv) render frozen block copolymer assemblies dynamic. − In addition, such copolymers can readily be derivatized, for example by reaction with amines, or decarboxylated to generate unsaturated, photocatalytically degradable polymer chains. , Moreover, AA can be obtained from lactic acid, a renewable feedstock . The radical copolymerization of AA with numerous monomers, such as methyl methacrylate (MMA), n -butyl acrylate (nBA), styrene, − acrylamide , (Am), acrylonitrile, or N -vinylpyrrolidone (NVP) has been extensively studied in organic solution and in bulk, but there are far fewer reports of its copolymerization with hydrophilic comonomers in aqueous solution. In water, the reactivity ratio of AA is pH-dependent, due to the pH-dependent deprotonation of AA (p K a ≈ 4.1) .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…14,15 Moreover, AA can be obtained from lactic acid, a renewable feedstock. 16 The radical copolymerization of AA with numerous monomers, such as methyl methacrylate (MMA), 17 n-butyl acrylate (nBA), 3 styrene, 18−20 acrylamide 21,22 (Am), acrylonitrile, 21 or N-vinylpyrrolidone 23 (NVP) has been extensively studied in organic solution and in bulk, 24 but there are far fewer reports of its copolymerization with hydrophilic comonomers in aqueous solution. In water, the reactivity ratio of AA is pH-dependent, due to the pHdependent deprotonation of AA (pK a ≈ 4.1).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Controlling the Composition Profile of Acrylic Acid Copolymers by Tuning the pH of Polymerization in Aqueous Dispersed Media

Debrie,

Coudert,

Abdul

et al. 2023

Macromolecules

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In radical copolymerization, the intrinsic reactivity of acrylic acid (AA) with a comonomer is dependent on its degree of ionization (αAA). Furthermore, when monomers of different solubilities are copolymerized in a heterogeneous process, differences in partitioning between the continuous and discrete phases can result in apparent reactivity ratios that strongly differ from the intrinsic reactivity ratio observed in homogeneous solution. We demonstrate that this combination of chemical and physical contributions to the reactivity ratios of AA can be used to control the composition profile of acrylic acid copolymers in RAFT-controlled aqueous heterogeneous polymerization. Specifically, RAFT-mediated copolymerizations of acrylic acid (AA) with comonomers of varying hydrophobicity were performed in water at different αAA = 0 to 1 using a novel, water-soluble, sulfonate-functionalized trithiocarbonate chain transfer agent. A moderate decrease in the reactivity of AA with increasing αAA was observed under homogeneous conditions when AA was copolymerized with oligoethylene glycol acrylate (OEGA). A much greater change in apparent reactivity with increasing αAA was observed with the more hydrophobic comonomers 2-methoxyethyl acrylate (MEA) and methyl acrylate (MA). This was attributed to the partitioning of AA between the dispersed and continuous phases of these heterogeneous copolymerizations. Changing the pH of the reaction mixture thus allowed the synthesis of P(MEA-co-AA) and P(MA-co-AA) copolymers with very different composition profiles. In addition, when αAA was changed in situ, block-like copolymers with similar overall AA content but different composition profiles were obtained. These differences in composition profile strongly impacted their thermoresponsiveness in water.

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Optimal estimation of reactivity ratios for acrylamide/acrylic acid copolymerization

Riahinezhad

Kazemi

McManus

et al. 2013

J. Polym. Sci. Part A: Polym. Chem.

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Reactivity ratios for the important acrylamide (AAm)/acrylic acid (AAc) copolymerization system exhibit considerable scatter in previously published literature, and therefore, there is a need for more definitive values for these reactivity ratios. An appropriate methodology, based on the error‐in‐variables‐model (EVM) framework along with a direct numerical integration procedure, is applied in order to determine reliable reactivity ratios. The reliability of the results is confirmed with extensive and independent replication. Furthermore, via an EVM‐based criterion for the design of experiments using mechanistic models, optimal feed compositions are calculated, and from these optimal reactivity ratios are estimated for the first time (rAAm = 1.33 and rAAc = 0.23) based on information from the full conversion range. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Polym. Sci., Part A: Polym. Chem. 2013, 51, 4819–4827

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Influence des solvants sur la copolymerisation de l'acide acrylique avec l'acrylonitrile et l'acrylamide

Cited by 8 publications

References 8 publications

Thermal and kinetic study of radical polymerization I. Melt state bulk polymerization of acrylamide by DSC

Thermal and kinetic study of radical polymerization I. Melt state bulk polymerization of acrylamide by DSC

Controlling the Composition Profile of Acrylic Acid Copolymers by Tuning the pH of Polymerization in Aqueous Dispersed Media

Optimal estimation of reactivity ratios for acrylamide/acrylic acid copolymerization

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