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SUMMARY(1) Helisoma duryi is a potential competitor of the intermediate hosts of schistosomes and has been suggested as a candidate for biological control of schistosomiasis. In order to evaluate the potential of H. duryi to establish populations in schistosomiasis endemic areas, this study compared the response of H. duryi to calcium concentrations ranging from 0 00 to 2 00 mm with the response of some representative species of the intermediate hosts, namely Biomphalaria alexandrine, B. camerunensis and Bulinus truncatus.(2) Growth increased with calcium concentration up to 0 25-050 mm for H. duryi, B. alexandrine and B. truncatus; while for B. camerunensis, concentrations above 0 06 mm did not result in significantly increased growth over 10 weeks. The net reproductive rate after 10 weeks also increased with calcium concentration up to 0 13-0 25 mm in all the species except B. camerunensis, which showed smaller differences between the calcium treatments.(3) All four species formed heavier shells at higher calcium concentrations.(4) H. duryi caused greater calcium decrements in all test media than the other three species. At the lower calcium concentrations, H. duryi appeared to extract calcium more efficiently than the other three species.(5) Hatching of egg masses was not affected by the calcium concentration, except in the 0 00 mm treatment for B. alexandrine and B. camerunensis. Survival of newly hatched snails for 1 week was high and was only reduced in media with the lowest calcium concentrations.