Inflammatory response and bone healing capacity of two porous calcium phosphate ceramics in critical size cortical bone defects

Abstract

In the present study, two open porous calcium phosphate ceramics, β-tricalcium phosphate (β-TCP), and hydroxyapatite (HA) were compared in a critical-sized femoral defect in rats. Previous comparisons of these two ceramics showed significantly greater osteoinductive potential of β-TCP upon intramuscular implantation and a better performance in a spinal fusion model in dogs. Results of the current study also showed significantly more bone formation in defects grafted with β-TCP compared to HA; however, both the ceramics were not capable of increasing bone formation to such extend that it bridges the defect. Furthermore, a more pronounced degradation of β-TCP was observed as compared to HA. Progression of inflammation and initiation of new bone formation were assessed for both materials at multiple time points by histological and fluorochrome-based analyses. Until 12 days postimplantation, a strong inflammatory response in absence of new bone formation was observed in both ceramics, without obvious differences between the two materials. Four weeks postimplantation, signs of new bone formation were found in both β-TCP and HA. At 6 weeks, inflammation had subsided in both ceramics while bone deposition continued. In conclusion, the two ceramics differed in the amount of bone formed after 8 weeks of implantation, whereas no differences were found in the duration of the inflammatory phase after implantation or initiation of new bone formation.

Chondrogenically differentiated mesenchymal stromal cell pellets stimulate endochondral bone regeneration in critical-sized bone defects

“…Is there data from this or earlier studies from your lab using this model to confirm this is a critical sized defect? Authors: The critical size of this bone defect using this fixation method has been confirmed by our group in two published studies (Chatterjea et al, 2013;van der Stok et al, 2013a, text references). In these studies, untreated defects did not show spontaneous bridging up to 12 weeks.…”

“…The standard deviation of BV formed was estimated to be ~50 % based on previous work (Chatterjea et al, 2013; Van der Stok et al, 2013a; Van der Stok et al, 2013b). A simple power calculation using a Students' t-test with a β-value of 0.8 indicates that both groups should consist of a minimum of 5 rats.…”

Positive role of calcium phosphate ceramics regulated inflammation in the osteogenic differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells

“…The research in our group also demonstrated that the osteoinductive ceramics could regulate the macrophages response by influencing their attachment, morphology, and cytokines secretion (Chen et al, ). Biomaterials had also been engineered as components of the complex living systems and functioned in tissue repair and other metabolic process (Aikawa et al, ; Chatterjea et al, ). It is conspicuously that the role of inflammation in tissue repair and regeneration is more than negative.…”

Beta-tricalcium phosphate shows superior absorption rate and osteoconductivity compared to hydroxyapatite in open-wedge high tibial osteotomy

“…The latter ability is necessary to avoid a possible risk that the strong spacer implanted in the tibia may cause an obstacle in revision surgery after HTO [32]. Therefore, it can be useful to assess the osteoconductivity and [6,9,12,15,19,23,24,27,43,45]. However, the experimental conditions used in these basic studies are different from the biological and biomechanical environments surrounding synthetic spacers implanted into the tibia of patients.…”