Inflammatory Pseudotumor of the Urachus

Sharma, Raj Kumar; Jain, Vir Kumar; Mukherjee, Soumava; Mondal, SN; Karmakar, Dilip

doi:10.3834/uij.1944-5784.2012.02.12

Cited by 2 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 10 publications

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“…An exact evaluation of the self-gravity of relativistic particles at the extremely high energy scale before Big Bang Nucleosynthesis (BBN) (not high enough to reach the boson star critical temperature) becomes unavoidable. However, most discussions of boson stars are at relatively high energy scale ∼ 1 GeV [13], and at the same time entail the non-zero mass of scalar particles to be greater than around 10 eV to preserve radial stability [14]. But during the radiation dominated era before BBN, main ingredients are massless photons, and the homogeneity of the early patch is preserved unlike that in boson stars.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bose and Fermi gases in the early Universe with self-gravitational effect

Niu

Huang

2011

Phys. Rev. D

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We study the self-gravitational effect on the equation of state (EoS) of Bose and Fermi gases in thermal equilibrium at the end of reheating, the period after quark-hadron transition and before Big Bang Nucleosynthesis (BBN). After introducing new grand canonical partition functions based on the work of Uhlenbeck and Gropper, we notice some interesting features of the newly developed EoSs with distinct behaviors of relativistic and non-relativistic gases under self-gravity. The usual negligence of the self-gravitational effect when solving the background expansion of the early universe is justified with numerical results, showing the magnitude of the self-gravitational modification of the state constant to be less than O(10 −78 ). This helps us to clarify the background thermal evolution of the primordial patch. Such clarification is crucial in testing gravity theories, evaluating inflation models and determining element abundances in BBN.PACS numbers: 98.80.-k, 04.40.-b, 05.30.-d

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bose and Fermi gases in the early Universe with self-gravitational effect

Niu

Huang

2011

Phys. Rev. D

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ALK-negative urachal inflammatory myofibroblastic tumor in an elderly female

Wang

Zhou

et al. 2018

Medicine

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Rationale:Inflammatory myofibroblastic tumor (IMT) is a rare soft tissue lesion, originally reported in the lungs. Occurrence of the IMT was also documented in the digestive system, but rare in the urinary system, especially in the urachus, and little is presently known about IMT.Patient concerns:This study reported a very rare case of urachal IMT in an elderly female patient at the age of 77 who was diagnosed with a lower abdominal mass 2 months ago.Diagnosis:The preoperative diagnosis was urachal carcinoma, which was confirmed to be anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK) negative urachal IMT by postoperative histopathology and immunohistochemistry tests.Interventions:Laparoscopic radical urachal carcinoma resection and partial bladder resection was performed under general anesthesia, and the tumor was completely removed.Outcomes:There was no recurrence and metastasis over 22 months of follow-up.Lessons:The urachal IMT occurs mainly in males and nonelderly people with ALK positive while in females with ALK negative. The most common clinical manifestations of urachal IMT are lower abdominal masses; it is very important to distinguish whether the tumor originates from the bladder or the urachus, because the surgical treatment options are completely different. Currently the complete surgical removal of the tumor is the best treatment option for urachal IMT. No other adjuvant therapy is required after operation. All urachal IMT after follow-up showed no recurrence and metastasis, suggesting a good prognosis. However, IMT has malignant potential and it requires a long-term close follow-up check.

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Inflammatory Pseudotumor of the Urachus

Cited by 2 publications

References 10 publications

Bose and Fermi gases in the early Universe with self-gravitational effect

Bose and Fermi gases in the early Universe with self-gravitational effect

ALK-negative urachal inflammatory myofibroblastic tumor in an elderly female

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