Inflammatory pseudotumor following hematopoietic stem cell transplantation: a new case and review of the literature

Abstract

Inflammatory pseudotumor (IPT) is a rare tumor that occurs in various organs and tissues. The clinical picture varies from the more frequent benign lesions to the rare malignant tumors with distant metastases. IPT associated with hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) is rarely reported. In this article, we review the reports of IPT after HSCT and describe the first case of bladder IPT. We also review the possible factors involved in the pathogenesis. IPT might be rare but it is a potentially serious complication of HSCT. It should be considered in patients with otherwise unexplained inflammatory symptoms or signs or with any mass lesion in the post-HSCT period. A knowledge of this entity and insistence on a definitive biopsy of mass lesions in the post-HSCT period can avoid unnecessary treatment such as radical surgery, chemotherapy or radiotherapy.

Successful Stem Cell Transplantation in a Patient with Pretransplant Hepatic Inflammatory Pseudotumour

“…All of the six reported cases of IPT after SCT were treated with surgical resection and the aetiology was thought to be SCT related immunosuppression and prior chemotherapy [13]. In contrast, a case of retroorbital IPT in a patient with systemic lupus erythematosus was successfully treated with rituximab [10].…”

“…IPT have been reported to be successfully treated by surgery, chemotherapy, and immunosuppressive therapy with rituximab in a case of orbital IPT [10–12]. There have been six cases of IPT diagnosed in patients after haematopoietic stem cell transplant (SCT) and one case of hepatic IPT in a pediatric patient before SCT with severe congenital neutropenia [13, 14]. To the best of our knowledge, ours is the first report of hepatic IPT in an adult who was due to undergo SCT.…”

An endobronchial inflammatory myofibroblastic tumor in a 10‐yr‐old child after allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation

“…To date, only six cases of IMTs after allogeneic HCT have been reported . Patients were aged 8–50 yr, and the primary diseases were AML (n = 3), ALL (n = 2), and ATL (n = 1).…”

Inflammatory Myofibroblastic Tumor of the Liver Following Renal Transplantation

“…Hepatic IMT has been reported after bone marrow and liver transplantation. 6,7 Here, a case of IMT of the liver following renal transplantation was first reported that implicated immunosuppression as one possible underlying factor of these rare lesions. /L, carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) 1.9 ng/mL (normal 0.00-5.00), and alphafetoprotein (AFP) 9.7 ng/mL (normal 0.00-25.00).…”