Inflammatory pigmented paravenous retinochoroidal atrophy

Batıoğlu, Figen; Atmaca, Leyla S.; Atilla, Hüban; Arslanpençe, A

doi:10.1038/sj.eye.6700021

Cited by 26 publications

(34 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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“…The earliest case report indicated an inflammatory cause since the affected individual had tubercular spondylitis (1), while another early case report described a child with congenital syphilis (32). Following these early studies, a number of inflammatory PPRCA cases were reported with a variety of inflammatory causes, including Behçet’s disease (33), measles (34), rubeola (35), uveitis (11,36) and other unknown causes of inflammation (4,37). However, these cases that developed due to various inflammatory agents or other definite reasons, particularly inflammatory retinal vein vasculopathy resulting from various causes, are not real PPRCA but should be considered as a pseudo PPRCA.…”

Section: History and General Backgroundmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Visual loss is usually mild and nyctalopia is not common. Certain patients who complained of poor dark adaptation, poor night vision or a blind eye did not suffer from PPRCA but instead had retinitis pigmentosa (RP) or pseudo PPRCA, as aforementioned (4,19,20,26,30,37). Particular observations in PPRCA have also been reported, including a shadow in front of the eye, diminished peripheral vision, mild pain and photopsia, involuntary closure of the upper eyelid, headaches and observing halos around lights (4,15,39).…”

Section: Clinical Featuresmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In specific cases, central visual acuity may be mildly reduced. Severely reduced vision has also been observed as a result of rare changes, including anisometropia amblyopia (19), cataracts (11), glaucoma (26,40), nystagmus (19,20), vitreous opacity (37) and macular involvement (detail vide infra ). However, these changes may be observations specific to individuals rather than associations within the phenotype.…”

Section: Clinical Featuresmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…As for the pseudo PPRCA cases secondary to inflammation or other causes, slitlamp examination of the anterior segment may reveal keratic precipitates (11), cells in the anterior chamber, iridic synechiae, cataracts (11), floaters in the anterior vitreous, marked cells and snowball opacities in vitreous (37) or dense vitreous opacity (11). …”

Section: Clinical Featuresmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Macular changes include cystoid macular edema (37), star-shaped exudate (35), macular wrinkling (31), epiretinal membrane (6), macular pigmentary stippling (35), pigmentary macular degeneration (15,26), macular depigmentation (17), lamellar macular holes (42), macular dysplasia (43), macular RPE atrophy (17), central areolar macular atrophy (19), excavated macula (19) and macular coloboma (14,30,44). However, whether these macular observations are associated with the phenotype of the disease entity or distinct findings remains unknown.…”

Section: Clinical Featuresmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Pigmented paravenous retinochoroidal atrophy (Review)

Huang

Zhang

2014

Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine

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Pigmented paravenous retinochoroidal atrophy (PPRCA) is an uncommon disease characterized by perivenous aggregations of pigment clumps associated with peripapillary and radial zones of retinochoroidal atrophy that are distributed along the retinal veins. Patients are usually asymptomatic and the disease process is non-progressive or slow and subtly progressive. It is commonly bilateral and symmetric. The cause of the condition may be unknown or idiopathic, although a dysgenetic, degenerative, hereditary etiology or even an inflammatory cause has been hypothesized. A non-inflammatory cause is referred to as primary, while inflammation-associated PPRCA is referred to as secondary or pseudo PPRCA. The present study reviewed and summarized the features of PPRCA.

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