Inflammatory Myofibroblastic Tumor of the Larynx in a 2-Year-Old Male

Abstract

Inflammatory myofibroblastic tumor (IMT) is an uncommon neoplasm that is usually located in the lung in the pediatric population. These tumors contain a variety of cell types with the myofibroblast being dominant. When located in the upper airway, IMTs tend to be less aggressive, but have the potential for local invasion and recurrence. We present an unusual case of IMT in the pediatric larynx and review the medical literature describing the common locations, diagnosis, etiology, histology, and treatment of this tumor. The mainstay of treatment is complete surgical excision. Careful and frequent follow-up including frequent fiberoptic laryngoscopy and CT scans are recommended to evaluate for recurrence. More aggressive resection may be necessary if multiple recurrences occur.

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“…The male to female ratio is 1.8:1. Only one case is reported in a child [9]. The prognosis is excellent.…”

Recurrent laryngeal inflammatory myofibroblastic tumor with positive anaplastic lymphoma kinase mimicking recurrent respiratory papillomatosis: a case report

“…The majority of the lesions are nodular or polypoid, and one case mimicked papillomatosis [5]. The lesions rarely recur after tumor resection, showing benign behavior, except for one report of a single recurrence after an incomplete resection [7]. Our patient was a 10-year-old boy with hoarseness for 1 year.…”

“…Those IMTs that are negative for ALK may not be true neoplasms and thus have a better prognosis. However, among the children’s laryngeal IMT reports, the only ALK-positive case had no recurrence, and the one recurrent case was ALK-negative [4,7]. In other anatomic locations, there are many reports of ALK-negative IMTs showing invasive biological behavior [23-25].…”

“…The laryngeal presentation is extremely rare; about 30 cases have been described in the literature in English and only eight of these involved children [4-11]. Among these eight IMTs, there is only one case of recurrence after resection [7], demonstrating the benign clinical behavior of this tumor. In addition, although anaplastic lymphoma kinase ( ALK ) gene translocation can be seen in about 50% of IMTs in young patients [2,12], there is only one case of childhood laryngeal IMT that reported ALK-1 positivity by immunohistochemical staining [4].…”

Laryngeal inflammatory myofibroblastic tumor: A rare case

“…Ortalama görülme yaşı 57 olup erkek kadın oranı 1,8:1'dir. Çocukluk çağında bildirilmiş bir vaka mevcuttur [5]. Prognozu genelde iyi olmasına rağmen rekürrens oranı %21 olduğu için lezyon tamamen eksize edilmediğinde klinik ve cerrahi problemlere yol açabilir [6].…”