Inflammatory mediators in nasal secretions of patients with nasal polyposis with and without aspirin sensitivity

Abstract

Background: The aim of this cross-sectional study was to compare the levels of inflammatory mediators in nasal secretions in patients with aspirinexacerbated respiratory disease (AERD) and in those with nasal polyposis (NP) without aspirin-sensitivity and to correlate nasal fluid mediator concentrations with clinical parameters of the disease.Methods: A total of 30 patients with AERD, 30 chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) with NP patients without aspirin sensitivity (CRSwNP), and 30 control subjects without inflammation of the nasal mucosa (C), selected for surgical treatment entered the study. The total nasal symptom score (TNSS), endoscopic score (ES), and Lund-Mackay score (LMS), were evaluated. The concentrations of eosinophil cationic protein (ECP), tryptase, heat shock protein 70 (HSP70), substance P and Clara cell protein 16 (CC16) were determined in nasal secretions. Results: Higher concentrations of ECP, tryptase, and HSP70 were measured in the AERD patients than in the CRSwNP patients and the C group (p < .001; p < .001, respectively for all mediators). However, levels of CC16 were higher in the C group than in the AERD and CRSwNP groups (p < .001; p < .001, respectively). A positive correlation between the TNSS and CC16 and a negative one between CC16 and tryptase levels were found in the C group. The CRSwNP group showed positive correlations between ECP, HSP70, and tryptase and negative correlations between substance P, ES, and LMS, as well as between CC16 and tryptase levels. In the AERD group, we found a positive correlation between HSP70 and ECP levels and a negative correlation between the TNSS and CC16 concentration. Conclusion: The obtained results indicate the increased production of mediators of eosinophil and mast cell function, and the decreased production of biomarker of respiratory epithelial function in AERD patients. Clinical and biochemical parameters correlate in different ways in the AERD and CRSwNP patients.

The effect of nasal douching by hypertonic 2.3 per cent sea water with algae extracts on the concentration of epidermal growth factor, transforming growth factor-α and interleukin-8 in nasal secretions of patients with nasal polyposis following endoscopic surgical treatment

“…The absorption technique with cotton wool sticks (length 10 mm, width 4 mm) was used for sampling, as previously described. 16 Sticks were placed in the middle nasal meatus for 5 minutes, which is as long as it takes for the cotton wool to be completely soaked with nasal secretions. Then, the cotton wool with the samples was placed in Eppendorf tubes containing 1 ml of transfer medium for 30 minutes, which is as long as it takes for the mediators to diffuse into the solution of transfer medium.…”